Espartero - Espartero (English spelling) Baldomero Espartero

Japanese: エスパルテロ - えすぱるてろ(英語表記)Baldomero Espartero
Espartero - Espartero (English spelling) Baldomero Espartero

Spanish soldier and politician. Born the son of a wheelwright. He was educated to be a priest, but volunteered to fight in the War of Independence, and was promoted for his military achievements. After being sent to suppress the independence movement in Spanish America, he returned to Spain and became a commander on Maria Cristina's side in the Carlist Wars. He won a decisive victory in the north, the Carlist stronghold, and concluded the Treaty of Vergara in 1839, ending the war. He became involved in politics as a progressive soldier, and in 1840 he expelled Regent Maria Cristina, becoming Regent the following year. However, due to his dictatorial rule, he incurred the backlash of moderates and progressives, and was ousted as Regent in the Narváez coup of 1843 and went into exile. After being allowed to return to Spain, he left politics, but was brought back into the political arena with the success of the Progressive coup in 1854, and became Prime Minister. He proposed reforms such as expanding the right to vote and religious freedom, but was overthrown in the O'Donnell coup in 1856. After that, he retired from politics, and was recommended to become king after the September Revolution of 1868, but he turned it down. He died in Logroño on January 8, 1879. He was a typical military politician born out of war and civil war.

[Jiro Nakatsuka]

[References] | O'Donnell | Carlist Wars | Narvaez | Maria Cristina

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

スペインの軍人、政治家。車大工の子として生まれる。聖職者となる教育を受けたが、義勇兵となって独立戦争に参加、その軍功により昇進した。スペイン領アメリカの独立運動鎮圧のため派遣されたのち、帰国してカルリスタ戦争ではマリア・クリスティナ側の指揮官となる。カルリスタの本拠である北部で決定的勝利を収め、1839年ベルガラ協定を締結して戦争を終わらせた。進歩派軍人として政治に関与し、1840年に摂政マリア・クリスティナを追放し、翌年摂政となる。しかし、独裁的政治を行ったため、穏健派、進歩派の反発を買い、1843年のナルバエスのクーデターで摂政を追われ、亡命した。帰国を許されてからは政治から離れるが、1854年の進歩派クーデターの成功で政治の場に引き出され首相となった。選挙権の拡大、信教の自由など改革策を掲げたが、1856年オドンネルのクーデターで倒れた。以後政界から引退し、1868年九月革命で国王に推挙されたが、断った。1879年1月8日ログローニョで死去。戦争と内乱が生んだ典型的な軍人政治家であった。

[中塚次郎]

[参照項目] | オドンネル | カルリスタ戦争 | ナルバエス | マリア・クリスティナ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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