CIAM

Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne (French) is an abbreviation of the International Congress of Modern Architecture. It is an international alliance of architects who sought to promote rational architecture that satisfies the modern society that is advancing industrialization and urbanization. It was founded in 1928 at the Chateau de La Salle in Switzerland, mainly by Giedion and Le Corbusier. After the role of architects in the new era was confirmed in the "La Salle Manifesto," 10 conferences were held in various cities over the period of World War II. Among them, the platform of the "Functional City" at the 4th conference in 1933, which reduced and organized the functions of the city into four: "dwelling," "leisure," "work," and "transport," is well known. Although there were many proposals for a new era that were worthy of praise, it became clear over time that modern rationalism could not necessarily respond to all of the vivid realities of cities, and the organization was forced to disband at the 10th conference in 1956.

[Kenshiro Takami]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Congrès Internationaux d'Architecture Moderne（フランス語）の略称。近代建築国際会議。工業化と都市化を進める近代社会を背景にして、それに充足する合理的建築を推進させようとした建築家の国際的な連合組織。1928年、ギーディオンやル・コルビュジエを中心に、スイスのラ・サラの城館で結成された。「ラ・サラ宣言」において新時代の建築家の役割が確認されたのち、第二次世界大戦を挟んで各都市で10回の会議がもたれた。なかでも、都市の機能を「住居」「余暇」「労働」「交通」の四つに還元して整理づけた1933年第4回会議における「機能的都市」の綱領が知られている。新時代に向けての数々の提唱には評価すべきものがあったものの、近代合理主義がかならずしも生々しい都市の現実のすべてに即応できないことも時代とともに判明し、1956年第10回の会議において解体のやむなきに至った。

［高見堅志郎］

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