...It is a clause that stipulates that disputes arising from contracts between a state and a foreigner are to be resolved exclusively by the domestic courts of that state, and that the foreigner does not seek diplomatic protection from the home government. It was inserted mainly in contracts between Latin American countries and Americans or Europeans. From the 19th century to the early 20th century, when a Latin American country made a minor breach of contract, the home country of the foreigner was frequently intervened militarily under the pretext of diplomatic protection at the request of the foreigner. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Calvo, C." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…国家と外国人との間の契約から生じた紛争は,もっぱら,当該国家の国内裁判所によって解決することとし,外国人は本国政府の外交的保護を求めない旨を定めた条項のことで,主として,中南米諸国とアメリカ人ないしヨーロッパ人との間の契約に挿入された。19世紀から20世紀初めにかけて,中南米諸国の側にささいな契約不履行があると,外国人の求めに応じてその本国である欧米の先進資本主義国が外交保護権の名目のもとに武力介入するという事態が頻発した。… ※「Calvo,C.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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