Calappa

...General term for crabs belonging to the Calappidae family of crustaceans. In the past, they were called Manjugani, but since there is a group of crabs in the family Calappidae that are also called Manjugani, the genus name Calappa is used as the Japanese name. There are 10 species in Japan, but the most commonly seen are the Trafucarappa C. lophos (illustration) (shell width 10cm) with a deep purple tiger pattern, the Meganecarappa C. philargius (shell width 8cm) with both eye sockets bordered in black, the Yamatocarappa C. japonica (shell width 15cm) with reddish purple wart-like protrusions all over, the Marsodecarappa C. calappa (shell width 12cm) with rounded protrusions on both sides of the shell, and the Sleevecarappa C. hepatica (shell width 8cm) that lives in the sandy areas of coral reefs and has a dull color. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Calappa" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…甲殻綱カラッパ科Calappidaeに属するカニ類の総称。古くはマンジュウガニと呼ばれていたが，オウギガニ科の中にそう呼ばれる一群があるため，属名のCalappaをそのまま和名としている。日本には10種いるが，濃紫色の虎斑模様をもつトラフカラッパC.lophos（イラスト）(甲幅10cm)，両方の眼窩（がんか）が黒く縁取られているメガネカラッパC.philargius(甲幅8cm)，一面に赤紫色のいぼ状突起があるヤマトカラッパC.japonica(甲幅15cm)，甲の左右の張出しが丸いマルソデカラッパC.calappa(甲幅12cm)，サンゴ礁の砂地にすみ，じみな色彩のソデカラッパC.hepatica(甲幅8cm)がかなりふつうに見られる。…

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