Stilwell, Joseph Warren

Japanese: スティルウェル（英語表記）Stilwell， Joseph Warren

Born: March 19, 1883, Florida
[Died] October 12, 1946, San Francisco. American Army officer. Graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1904. Served in the Philippines during World War I. Studied Chinese and served in Tianjin from 1926 to 1927. During World War II, he was asked by Chiang Kai-shek to become his chief of staff, and was appointed commander of the Chinese 5th and 6th armies in Burma. After being defeated by the Japanese in 1942, he fled to India on foot through the jungle. He served as commander of all American forces in China, Burma, and India, but he pushed through F. Roosevelt's policies that emphasized domestic reform in China and reconciliation with the Communist army, which led to conflict with Chiang Kai-shek, and he was dismissed in October 1944. However, when the Burma Road was completed in 1945, Chiang renamed it Stilwell Road in his honor. He later served as commander of the US 10th Army in the Pacific, and played an active role in the Battle of Okinawa. After the war he served in San Francisco as commander of the 6th Army.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1883.3.19. フロリダ
[没]1946.10.12. サンフランシスコ
アメリカの陸軍軍人。 1904年陸軍士官学校卒業。第1次世界大戦中はフィリピンで勤務。中国語を学び，26～27年天津に勤務。第2次世界大戦中は，蒋介石に請われその幕僚長となり，ビルマ方面中国第5，6軍の司令官に任命された。 42年日本軍に敗れ，ジャングルを徒歩でインドまで逃れた。在中国，ビルマ，インドのアメリカ全軍の司令官をつとめたが，中国の内政改革，共産軍との和解を強調する F.ルーズベルトの政策を強行して蒋介石と対立し，44年 10月解任された。しかし 45年ビルマ・ロードが完成すると，蒋は彼を記念してスティルウェル・ロードと改名した。のち太平洋方面アメリカ第 10軍司令官として，沖縄戦に活躍。戦後は第6軍司令官としてサンフランシスコに勤務。

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