…Pen tips with ink-holding parts and ink-holding bodies were developed long ago, and several types were on the market in the 17th century. The English term fountain pen was also used in the 18th century, but in 1809, Joseph Bramah of England announced a compound fountain pen that dispensed ink when the body of the pen was gripped, spurring a competition to design new pens. Then, in 1884, Lewis E. Waterman (1837-1901), an American insurance salesman, obtained a patent for a pen with a rectangular groove on the back of the pen core that was in contact with the pen to allow air to circulate, and a thin groove at the bottom of the rectangular groove to allow ink to flow by capillary action, marking the beginning of the practical fountain pen. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "Bramah, J." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…インキを保持する部分をもったペン先や,インキの入る軸が古くから開発され,17世紀にはいくつかの方式のものが売り出されている。万年筆という英語fountain pen(泉のような筆)も18世紀には用いられたが,1809年にイギリスのブラーマJoseph Bramahは軸の胴を握るとインキの出る〈複合ファウンテンペン〉を発表し,新案競争に拍車がかかった。そして1884年にアメリカの保険外交員ウォーターマンLewis E.Waterman(1837‐1901)が,ペンに密着しているペン芯の背に角溝をつけて空気の流通を図るとともに,角溝の底部に細い溝を通し,毛細管作用でインキが伝わるようにした特許を得,実用的な万年筆の始まりとなった。… ※「Bramah,J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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