National Broadcasting Company is an abbreviation for the American television network company. It is one of the major television networks in the United States. It has 10 directly operated stations and 226 affiliated stations. NBC is operated as a division of NBCUniversal, a joint venture between General Electric (GE) and Comcast. It was founded in November 1926 as the company that operated the world's first radio network. The following year, in 1927, the network business was expanded to two channels, but in 1939 the federal government sued the company on suspicion of antitrust law. In May 1943, the US Supreme Court ruled in favor of the federal government, and the company sold one channel. In the television division, its parent company, the major communications company Radio Corporation of America (RCA), conducted the first television broadcasting experiment in America in April 1939, and from October of the same year, it began actively expanding its business into live broadcasts of sports such as major league baseball. After World War II, in January 1952, it launched the morning wide-format program "Today," which consisted of news, sports, topics, weather forecasts, interviews, etc., and in September 1954, it launched the late-night talk show "Tonight," which added intellectual elements, breathing fresh air into the American television industry. As part of its management strategy, it also focused on broadcasting the Olympics. In 1986, parent company RCA was acquired by GE, a general electronics manufacturer, and the following year, GE sold its radio division to Westwood One. [Mukogo Hideki] ``E. BarnouwA History of Broadcasting in the United States (Vol.Ⅰ. 1966, Vol.Ⅲ. 1970, Oxford University Press)' ' ▽ ``C. Sterling, J. KittrossStay Tuned; a History of American Broadcasting, 3rd ed. (2002, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers)' ' ▽ ``M. McGregor, et al.Head's Broadcasting in America, 10th ed. (2010, Allyn & Bacon)” [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカのテレビネットワーク企業、ナショナル放送会社National Broadcasting Companyの略称。アメリカの主要テレビネットワークの一つ。テレビ局は直営局10、加盟局226。NBCは、ゼネラル・エレクトリック(GE)とコムキャストの合弁会社NBCユニバーサルの一部門として運営されている。1926年11月、世界初のラジオネットワークを運営する会社として設立。翌1927年ネットワーク事業が2系統に拡大されたが、1939年連邦政府から独占禁止法の疑いで提訴された。1943年5月、連邦最高裁判所で連邦政府勝訴の判決が下され、1系統を売却した。 テレビ部門は、親会社の大手通信企業ラジオ・コーポレーション・オブ・アメリカ(略称RCA)が1939年4月、アメリカで初のテレビ放送実験を行い、同年10月からはメジャー・リーグなどスポーツの中継放送に積極的な事業展開をみせた。第二次世界大戦後は1952年1月から、朝の時間帯にニュース、スポーツ、話題、天気予報、インタビューなどで構成されるワイド番組『Today(トゥデイ)』を、さらに1954年9月からは深夜に知的要素を加味したトーク番組『Tonight(トゥナイト)』を編成し、アメリカテレビ業界に新風を吹き込んだ。経営戦略として、オリンピック放送に力を入れている。 1986年、親会社RCAは電気製品総合メーカーのGEに買収され、GEは翌1987年ラジオ部門をウェストウッド・ワンに売却した。 [向後英紀] 『E. BarnouwA History of Broadcasting in the United States (Vol.Ⅰ. 1966, Vol.Ⅲ. 1970, Oxford University Press)』▽『C. Sterling, J. KittrossStay Tuned ; a History of American Broadcasting, 3rd ed. (2002, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers)』▽『M. McGregor, et al.Head's Broadcasting in America, 10th ed. (2010, Allyn & Bacon)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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