… With the rapid advances in printing technology in the 19th century, journalism also developed, and caricature, which was originally closely related to printmaking, also had a wide influence in newspapers and magazines. In the first half of the 19th century, magazines such as La Caricature (1830) and Charivari (1832) were published in France, Punch (1841) in England, Fliegende Blätter (1845) in Munich, and Il Fischietto (1848) in Italy. At the end of the century, important magazines specializing in caricature included Le Rire (1894) and Assiette au Beurre (1901) in France, and Simplicissimus (1894) in Germany, which published illustrations that were either radical or sophisticated, satirical, or humorous, on social and political issues. Writers active in France in the mid-19th century included Granville, Trabiès, Gavarni, H. Monnier, Gilles, and Daumier, and King Louis-Philippe was symbolized by a pear and was the target of their harsh satire. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Assiette au Beurre" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 19世紀の印刷技術の躍進に伴ってジャーナリズムも発達し,もともと版画と関係の深かったカリカチュアも,新聞,雑誌などを舞台として広い影響を及ぼす。19世紀の前半ではフランスの《カリカチュールLa Caricature》(1830),《シャリバリ》(1832),イギリスの《パンチ》(1841),ミュンヘンの《フリーゲンデ・ブレッターFliegende Blätter》(1845),イタリアの《フィスキエットIl Fischietto》(1848)などの雑誌が発刊され,世紀末にはフランスの《リールLe Rire》(1894),《アシエット・オー・ブールAssiette au Beurre》(1901),ドイツの《ジンプリチシムス》(1894)などが重要な戯画の専門誌で,社会や政治への過激な,あるいは洗練された風刺やユーモアのある挿絵を載せた。19世紀中期にフランスで活躍した作家はグランビル,トラビエス,ガバルニ,H.モニエ,ジル,ドーミエらで,国王ルイ・フィリップは洋梨に記号化されて辛辣な風刺の的とされた。… ※「《Assiette au Beurre》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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