A deciduous subtall tree of the Ulmaceae family (APG classification: Ulmaceae). It grows to a height of 10-15 meters and a diameter of 30-40 centimeters. The bark is gray-brown with small, scaly patches. There are many twigs growing horizontally. The leaves are alternate, obovate or oblong, acute to slightly obtuse at the tip, 2-5 cm long and 1-2 cm wide. The base is distorted and asymmetrical, with blunt serrations at the margins. The flowers are bisexual, pale yellow, borne in the axils of current year branches, and open in September. The perianth is four-lobed, with four stamens, one pistil, and two-lobed style. The samaras are elliptical with prominent wing-like veins, about 1 cm long, and ripen to pale green or brown one month after flowering. It grows in mountains and riverbanks, and is used as a roadside tree and bonsai, as well as a substitute for Zelkova for carved objects and other decorative items. It is called autumn elm because it blooms in autumn. It has a dialect name of Umanohonegi, but the meaning is unknown. It is distributed from the Chubu region of Honshu westward, Shikoku, Kyushu, Korea, and China. [Hiroshi Ito, November 20, 2019] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ニレ科(APG分類:ニレ科)の落葉亜高木。高さ10~15メートル、直径30~40センチメートル。樹皮は灰褐色で、小さく鱗(うろこ)状にはげる。小枝は多く、水平に生える。葉は互生し、倒卵形ないし長楕円(ちょうだえん)形、先は鋭頭からやや鈍頭、長さ2~5センチメートル、幅1~2センチメートル。基部はゆがんで左右非対称となり、辺縁には鈍い鋸歯(きょし)がある。花は両性、淡黄色で、当年枝の葉腋(ようえき)につき、9月に開く。花被(かひ)は4裂し、雄しべ4本、雌しべは1本で花柱は2裂する。翼果は楕円形、翼状脈が著しく、長さ約1センチメートル、花期後1か月で淡緑色ないし褐色に熟す。山地や川岸に生え、街路樹、盆栽として利用するほか、刳物(くりもの)など什器(じゅうき)類としてケヤキの代用品にも使われる。秋に開花するのでアキニレという。ウマノホネギの方言名があるが、語意は不明。本州の中部地方以西、四国、九州、朝鮮、中国に分布する。 [伊藤浩司 2019年11月20日] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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