Anion

Japanese: anion
Anion

…Furthermore, when we examine the components of this type of substance, we find that the size of its smallest unit is about the same as that of an atom or molecule (1 angstrom Å = about 10 −10 m), but unlike electrically neutral atoms and molecules, it has a positive or negative charge. Historically, when electrolysis is performed by passing a current through an electrolyte solution, some particles move toward the anode and some move toward the cathode. M. Faraday named these particles ions after the Greek word meaning "to go," and called the particles moving toward the cathode cations and the particles moving toward the anode anions. As can be seen from the fact that ions become charged by the transfer of one or several electrons, the amount of charge an ion has is equal to an integer (positive or negative) times the elementary charge e (= 1.6021892 × 10 −19 C). …

*Some terminology explanations that mention "anion" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…さらにこの種の物質について,その構成要素を調べてみると,その最小単位の大きさは,原子や分子の大きさと同程度(1オングストロームÅ=10-10m程度)であるが,電気的に中性の原子や分子とは異なり,正または負の電荷をもっていることがわかる。歴史的にさかのぼれば,電解質溶液に電流を流して電気分解を行うときに,アノードanode(陽極)へ向かって行く粒子とカソードcathode(陰極)へ向かって行く粒子があることから,M.ファラデーが〈行く〉という意味のギリシア語にちなみ,その粒子をイオンと名づけ,そしてカソードへ向かう粒子をカチオンcation(陽イオン),アノードへ向かう粒子をアニオンanion(陰イオン)と呼んだ。イオンの帯電の原因が1個または数個の電子の授受によることからわかるように,イオンがもつ電荷の量は電気素量e(=1.6021892×10-19C)の整数(正または負)倍に等しい。…

※「anion」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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