Anat

Japanese: Anat
Anat

…It is literally a deadly battle. For Baal, who bears such a fate, there is a sister goddess Anat who is dedicated to him at the risk of her own life. Anat is the goddess of victory and plays a decisive role in the entire Baal mythology. …

From Baal

...In Ugaritic mythology, Baal's exploits as a warrior are remarkable, as he stands alone against the aged and weakened supreme god Eru, who is about to succumb to the threats of Yam, the symbol of chaos, and conquers him. Baal, like Tammuz (Dumuzi) and Adonis, is also the personification of plant life that revives in the rainy season, and in mythology, he dies in the dry season and descends to Mot, the symbol of the underworld, where he is rescued by his sister and consort Anat. The idea that sexual intercourse between Baal and his consort Astarte or other goddesses ensured fertility was most familiar to farmers, and the sacred marriage of the gods was imitated in sanctuaries by Canaanite men and women. ...

From 【Goddess】

...What kind of gods were the "sacred brides" and fertility goddesses who captivated the hearts of the people of the ancient Orient and the Mediterranean world? There are goddesses such as Anat from the Baal myth, inscribed on a clay tablet excavated at Ras Shamra (Ugarit) in northern Syria, Isis from the Egyptian Osiris cult, and Aphrodite from the Adonis cult in Byblos, Greece and Phoenicia. They are all known as goddesses of victory who grieve the death of the male god (groom) and fight to bring him back from the land of the dead. According to M. Eliade's Earth, Agriculture, and Women, the worship of such goddesses, which is widespread in the ancient Mediterranean world, can be traced back to the agricultural rituals of ancient society. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Anat" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…それは文字どおりの死闘である。そうした運命を背負ったバアルのために,身命を賭して献身する妹神アナトAnatがいる。アナトは勝利の女神であり,バアル神話全体の中で決定的な役割を演じている。…

【バアル】より

…ウガリト神話では戦士としてのバアルの活躍が目覚しく,混沌の象徴ヤムの脅しに屈しようとする老いて力の衰えた最高神エールを尻目に,ひとり立ち向かってこれを征服する。バアルはまたタンムズ(ドゥムジ)やアドニスと同じく,雨季によみがえる植物生命の人格化であり,神話では乾季には死んで陰府の象徴モトに降り,姉妹かつ配偶神アナトAnatに助け出される。バアルと配偶神アスタルテそのほかの女神との性的交渉が豊穣を保証するという観念は,農民にはもっとも親しまれ,神々の聖婚はカナン人男女によって聖所で模倣された。…

【女神】より

…古代オリエント,ならびに地中海世界の人々の心を魅了した〈聖なる花嫁〉,豊饒の女神とは,どのような神々であったのか。これについては,北シリアのラス・シャムラ(ウガリト)で発掘された粘土板に刻まれたバアル神話の女神アナトAnatをはじめ,エジプトのオシリス崇拝における女神イシス,ギリシアやフェニキアのビュブロスのアドニス信仰にみられる女神アフロディテなど,いずれも男神=花婿の死を嘆き悲しみ,死者の国から花婿を連れ戻すために闘う戦勝の女神として知られている。 M.エリアーデの《大地・農耕・女性》によると,古代地中海世界に広くみられるこうした女神崇拝は,古代社会における農耕儀礼に,その起源をさかのぼることができるという。…

※「Anat」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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