Anastasiya Romanovna

...The nickname "Grozny (the Terrible)" is said to be due to his reign of terror, but originally it meant "strict" or "fearsome," and was not an adjective describing a tyrant. Ivan had a violent temper and was highly suspicious, and in 1581 he killed his son Ivan after an argument, but his first wife Anastasia Romanovna, whom he married in 1547, is said to have been able to calm her husband's fits of rage, and Ivan's reign is often divided in two by her death in 1560. The first half of his reign was a period of reform, during which he convened the Zemsky Sobor, established a new statute book (sujivnik), held the Stoglav Congress, improved central and local administration and taxation, introduced local self-government to replace the kormlenie (rule by governors based on stipends paid by the people), and established military service obligations for the nobility and nobles (dovoryanin). These reforms were promoted by the so-called "Congress of Selectmen," led by the capable administrator Aleksei Fyodorovich Adashev, and Ivan's own role and achievements are unclear.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Anastasiya Romanovna" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…〈グローズヌイ(雷帝)〉というあだ名はその恐怖政治のためとされるが，元来は〈厳格な〉〈畏怖させる〉という意味で，暴君に対する形容ではなかった。イワンは気性が激しく，猜疑心も強く，81年にも息子イワンを口論の末打ち殺したが，1547年に結婚した最初の妃アナスタシアAnastasiya Romanovnaは，夫の怒りの発作をしずめることができたといわれ，イワンの治世も60年の彼女の死で二分されることが多い。　治世の前半は改革期で，ゼムスキー･ソボルの招集，新たな法令集(スジェブニク)の制定，ストグラフ会議の開催，中央と地方の行政と税制の整備，とくにコルムレニエkormlenie(住民負担の扶持による代官の支配)に代わる住民自治の導入，貴族と士族(ドボリャニン)の軍役義務の確定などの改革があいついだが，これを推進したのは有能な行政官アダシェフAleksei Fyodorovich Adashevを中心とするいわゆる〈選抜者会議〉であって，イワン自身の役割，功績ははっきりしない。…

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