Edison, Thomas Alva

Japanese: エジソン（英語表記）Edison， Thomas Alva

Born: February 11, 1847 in Milan, Ohio
[Died] October 18, 1931. West Orange, New Jersey. American inventor and entrepreneur. He received no formal education from a young age, instead self-taught at libraries. He was a very hard worker, and there is a famous anecdote about him setting up a laboratory on a train while working as a newspaper clerk. In 1863 he became a telegraph engineer and traveled around the country. During that time he read every scientific magazine he could find, and was particularly fascinated by M. Faraday's Experimental Investigations of Electricity. In 1868 he obtained his first patent for a voting recorder, but there was no demand for it and it was unsuccessful. After that he devoted himself to inventing only things that were in demand, and brought many inventions to the world. In 1876 he founded the Applied Science Laboratory in Menlo Park. He invented over 1,000 things and worked hard to turn them into businesses. His inventions, such as the phonograph (1877), the incandescent light bulb (1879), and the motion picture (1891), completely changed people's lives. He also had scientific achievements, such as the discovery of the Edison effect in 1883, and was fully capable of being a natural scientist.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1847.2.11. オハイオ，ミラン
[没]1931.10.18. ニュージャージー，ウェストオレンジ
アメリカの発明家，企業家。年少の頃から正規の教育を受けず，図書館などで独学。非常な努力家で，列車内で，新聞売り子をしながら実験室をつくった逸話は有名。 1863年電信技師となり，各地を放浪。その間手当り次第に科学雑誌を読破。特に M.ファラデーの『電気学の実験的研究』に魅せられた。 68年投票記録機で最初の特許を得たが，需要がまったくなく，不成功に終った。それ以後需要のあるものだけの発明に専心し，数々の発明品を世に送った。 76年メンローパークに応用科学研究所を創設。 1000件をこす発明を達成し，企業化に努力した。蓄音機 (1877) ，白熱電球 (79) ，活動写真 (91) などの発明は人々の生活を一変させた。彼には 83年のエジソン効果の発見のように純科学的業績もあり，自然科学者としても十分に通用する人であった。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Artist's Tale - Esinoshi

>>: Ceremony - Eshiki