Watarai Ieyuki

Date of birth and death unknown. He was a chief priest of the Geku (Toyouke Daijingu) of Ise Jingu Shrine from the end of the Kamakura period to the Nanboku-cho period, and the founder of Ise Shinto. He was the son of the chief priest of the Geku, Watare (Muramatsu) Ariyuki. He became a chief priest in 1306 (Tokuji 1) and was gradually promoted. In 1341 (Kokoku 2, Ryakuo 4), he became the first chief priest (chief priest), and served until 1349 (Shohei 4, Sadawa 5). Ieyuki not only served as a shrine official during this period of great historical change, but was also an outstanding scholar, second only to Yukitada and Tsuneyoshi, and wrote one volume of "Shinto Kanyo," 15 volumes of "Ruiju Jingi Hongen," one volume of "Jingi Hisho," and five volumes of "Korenshu." Among them, "Ruijū Jingi Hongen" is his representative work, which quotes from the classics of the Shinto shrines as well as various Japanese and Chinese texts to discuss the emergence of Amaterasu Omikami from the beginning of the world, the establishment of the Shinto shrines, divine proclamations, and Shintoism. This work was read by Emperor Go-Uda and Emperor Godaigo, and Kitabatake Chikafusa also looked at it, exerting a great ideological influence on the Southern Court. Ieyuki also assisted the Southern Court, and in 1338 (Engen 3, Ryakuō 1), Kitabatake Akinobu accompanied Prince Yoshiyoshi (Emperor Go-Murakami) and Prince Munenaga to arrange a route from Ise to the eastern provinces together with Chikafusa by sea. In 1343 (Kokoku 4, Kōei 2), he helped Chikafusa escape from the eastern provinces and return to Yoshino, and in 1347 (Shōhei 2, Sadawa 3), he fought in the southern region while in contact with Kusunoki Masatsura. For these reasons, he was dismissed by the Northern Court in 1349 for violating the Imperial decree.

[Junichi Kamata October 19, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

生没年不詳。鎌倉末期より南北朝期の伊勢(いせ)神宮外宮(げくう)（豊受(とようけ)大神宮）禰宜(ねぎ)で伊勢神道(しんとう)の大成者。外宮禰宜度会（村松）有行(ありゆき)の子。1306年（徳治1）禰宜となりしだいに昇進、1341年（興国2・暦応4）一(いちの)禰宜（長官）となって1349年（正平4・貞和5）まで勤めた。家行はその大きな時代の変動期に祠官(しかん)として奉仕するとともに、行忠(ゆきただ)・常昌(つねよし)らに次いで学者としても優れ、『神道簡要』1巻、『類聚神祇本源(るいじゅうじんぎほんげん)』15巻、『神祇秘鈔(ひしょう)』1巻、『瑚璉(これん)集』5巻などを撰(せん)している。なかでも『類聚神祇本源』はその代表作で、神宮古典のほか和漢の諸書を引用して天地開闢(かいびゃく)より天照大神(あまてらすおおみかみ)の出現、神宮の鎮座、神宣、また神道について論じており、本書は後宇多(ごうだ)上皇、後醍醐(ごだいご)天皇の閲覧を受け、北畠親房(きたばたけちかふさ)も一覧しており、南朝へ大きな思想的影響を与えている。また家行は南朝を助け、1338年（延元3・暦応1）北畠顕信(あきのぶ)が義良(のりよし)親王（後村上天皇）・宗良(むねなが)親王を奉じ、親房とともに海路伊勢より東国へ向かう便を図った。1343年（興国4・康永2）には親房が東国より逃れ吉野へ帰るのを助け、1347年（正平2・貞和3）楠木正行(くすのきまさつら)と連絡をとりつつ南勢方面で戦った。このようなことで1349年北朝側より違勅の科(とが)で解却(げきゃく)された。

［鎌田純一　2017年10月19日］

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