Work song

Japanese: ワーク・ソング(英語表記)work song
Work song
Work songs are sung while working to maintain the rhythm of the work and increase efficiency, or to distract from monotonous work and boost morale. When working in a group, a leader sings a song and everyone responds, singing rhythmically to keep everyone in sync. Examples include the Japanese song "Yoitomake" (a jitsukiuta) and the American sailor's folk song "Haul Away, Joe." Such songs existed around the world in connection with agriculture, fishing, transportation, construction, and various other types of work, but they are disappearing from practical work sites as manual labor is replaced by machines.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
仕事をしながら,その作業のリズムを保って能率をあげ,あるいは単調な作業から気をまぎらし士気を鼓舞するために歌う作業歌。集団で作業を行うとき,音頭とりが声を発して一同がそれに応えるような交互唱の形で,リズミカルに歌うことによって作業の手をそろえるのが典型で,日本の《よいとまけ》(地搗唄)やアメリカの船乗りの民謡《ホール・アウェー,ジョーHaul Away,Joe》などがその一例。こうした歌は世界各地で,農業,漁業,運搬業,建設業そのほかさまざまな作業に関連して存在したが,人力による労働が機械に転換されるに従って実作業の場からは消滅しつつある。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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