A general term for achievements in the fields of art, film, theater, architecture, literature, thought, and social sciences that flourished in Germany during the Weimar era (1919-1933) after World War I. Representative examples include Expressionism by P. Klee and others in art, the Bauhaus movement by W. Gropius and others in architecture, Bauhaus by Bruno Brecht in theater, and the Frankfurt School by M. Horkheimer and T. Adorno in social sciences. Compared to traditional German culture, Weimar culture was extremely modernist and cosmopolitan in nature, which made it difficult for the general German public to accept and eventually became one of the factors that made it easier for the reactionary Nazis to exercise nationalistic cultural control. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
第1次世界大戦後のワイマール時代 (1919~33) にドイツで開花した美術,映画,演劇,建築,文学,思想,社会科学の各分野における成果の総称。美術における P.クレーらの表現主義,建築での W.グロピウスらのバウハウス運動,演劇での B.ブレヒト,社会科学では M.ホルクハイマー,T.アドルノらのフランクフルト学派がその代表。ワイマール文化は伝統的なドイツ文化に比べるときわめて近代主義的,コスモポリタニックな性格をもち,当時のドイツ一般大衆にはなじめず,やがて反動的なナチスの国粋主義的な文化統制を容易ならしめる一因ともなった。
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