Lowell, James Russell

Japanese: ローエル(英語表記)Lowell, James Russell
Lowell, James Russell
Born: February 22, 1819, Cambridge, Massachusetts
[Died] August 12, 1891. Cambridge, Massachusetts. American poet and critic. Born into a distinguished family, after graduating from Harvard University he began writing poetry, and in 1844 married the poet and abolitionist Mariah White. Under her influence he became an ardent abolitionist, publishing works such as the Biglow Papers (1848, 67), a collection of poems satirizing the Mexican War, The Vision of Sir Launfal (48), a poem about a medieval knight, and A Fable for Critics (48), a literary treatise in verse. After the death of his wife (53), he became more conservative in his ideology and distanced himself from poetry. In 1955, he succeeded Longfellow as professor at Harvard University, and served as the first editor of the Atlantic Monthly (1957-61), and later as editor of the North American Review. He served as minister to Spain from 1977 to 1980, and ambassador to Great Britain from 1980 to 1985. His other works include the essay collections Among My Books (2 volumes, 70, 76) and My Study Windows (71).

Lowell
Lowell, Robert

Born: March 1, 1917, Boston
[Died] September 12, 1977. New York. American poet. Born into a distinguished intellectual family in Boston, he studied at Harvard University, but transferred to Kenyon College to study under JC Ransom. Upon graduating in 1940, he married novelist Jean Stafford and converted to Catholicism. He was also imprisoned during World War II for evading the draft. His poetry is characterized by its dark, strict ethical sincerity and strong, rich rhythm. His collections of poems include Land of Unlikeness (1944), Lord Weary's Castle (46, Pulitzer Prize), Life Studies (59, National Book Award), For the Union Dead (64), Near the Sea (67), and Notebooks 1967-68 (69). His other works include Imitations (1961), a collection of translated and adapted poems, and The Old Glory (1964), a three-part verse drama based on short stories by Melville and Hawthorne.

Lowell
Lowel, Amy

Born: February 9, 1874 in Brookline, Massachusetts
[Died] May 12, 1925, Brookline, Massachusetts. American female poet. Born into a distinguished intellectual family that produced such great poets as JR Lowell. After meeting Pound in England in 1913, she was fascinated by Imagism and played an important role in promoting this new poetry movement in America. Her strong personality made her a particularly influential figure. Between 1910 and his death, he wrote about 600 poems. Among his representative collections are Men, Women, and Ghosts (1916), the prose poem Can Grande's Castle (18), the unique collection of poems inspired by ukiyo-e and tanka poetry Pictures of the Floating World (19), and What's O'Clock (25). He also wrote a collection of critical verse A Critical Fable (22), and an excellent critical biography of John Keats (2 volumes, 25).

Lowell
Lowell, Abbott Lawrence

Born: December 13, 1856 in Boston
Died January 6, 1943, Boston. American political scientist and educator. After graduating from Harvard University, he practiced law in Boston, but in 1897 he became a lecturer at Harvard, in 1900 a professor of public administration, and in 1909 succeeded C. Eliot as president. He corrected the excesses of the free choice curriculum promoted by Eliot, introduced a tutor system, reorganized finances, and implemented other reforms, leading to a doubling of the number of students and faculties at Harvard during his term until 1933. In addition to works on the political systems of European countries, his works include What a College President Learned (1938) and At War with Academic Tradition in America (43).

Lowell
Lowell, Percival

Born: March 13, 1855, Boston
Died: November 12, 1916, Flagstaff, American astronomer. After graduating from Harvard University, he entered the business world and was known as an Oriental traveler for his travel writings such as Chosön (1886), Noto (91), and Occult Japan (95). In the 1890s, he became interested in astronomy after learning about the theory of canals on Mars, and built the Lowell Observatory in Arizona. He caused a stir by claiming that intelligent life existed on Mars. He also predicted the existence of planets other than Neptune based on his mathematical research into the motion of Uranus, but Pluto was discovered in 1930, 14 years after his death. His main work was Memoir on a Trans-Neptunian Planet (1915).

Lowell
Lowell

An industrial city in northeastern Massachusetts, USA. Industry has developed since ancient times by utilizing the water power of the Merrimack River, but in the 19th century, the spinning industry flourished, and the city was called the Manchester of America. In recent years, industries in electrical equipment, plastics, light metals, chemical products, electronic parts, artificial rubber, and machine parts have developed. There is a state teacher training college, a city hospital, and a city library. Population: 106,519 (2010).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1819.2.22. マサチューセッツ,ケンブリッジ
[没]1891.8.12. マサチューセッツ,ケンブリッジ
アメリカの詩人,批評家。名門の出身で,ハーバード大学卒業後,詩作を始め,1844年詩人で奴隷解放論者のマライア・ホワイトと結婚。その後は彼女の影響下に熱心な奴隷解放論者として活躍,メキシコ戦争を風刺した詩集『ビグロー・ペーパーズ』 Biglow Papers (1848,67) ,中世の騎士を主題にした詩『サー・ローンファルの夢』 The Vision of Sir Launfal (48) ,韻文による作家論『批評家のための寓話』A Fable for Critics (48) などを発表。夫人の死 (53) 以後は,思想的にも保守性を強め,また詩作からも遠ざかった。 55年ロングフェローのあとをうけてハーバード大学教授に就任,そのかたわら『アトランティック・マンスリー』誌の初代編集長 (57~61) ,次いで『ノース・アメリカン・レビュー』誌の編集にあたった。 77~80年スペイン駐在公使,80~85年イギリス駐在大使を歴任。その他の著書にエッセー集『わが書籍の間に』 Among My Books (2巻,70,76) ,『わが書斎の窓』 My Study Windows (71) などがある。

ローエル
Lowell, Robert

[生]1917.3.1. ボストン
[没]1977.9.12. ニューヨーク
アメリカの詩人。ボストンの知的名門の生れで,ハーバード大学に学んだが,ケニヨン大学に移り J.C.ランサムに師事,1940年卒業と同時に小説家ジーン・スタフォードと結婚,カトリックに改宗した。また第2次世界大戦中には徴兵忌避をして投獄されたこともある。その詩は暗くきびしい倫理的な真摯さと強く豊かなリズムできわだっており,詩集に『神に似ざる土地』 Land of Unlikeness (1944) ,『ウィアリー卿の城』 Lord Weary's Castle (46,ピュリッツァー賞) ,『伝記習作』 Life Studies (59,全米図書賞) ,『北軍戦死者に捧ぐ』 For the Union Dead (64) ,『海のほとり』 Near the Sea (67) ,『ノートブック,1967~68年』 Notebooks 1967-68 (69) など。ほかに翻訳,翻案詩を集めた『模倣』 Imitations (61) ,メルビル,ホーソーンの短編に取材した3部作の詩劇『往時の栄光』 The Old Glory (64初演) がある。

ローエル
Lowel, Amy

[生]1874.2.9. マサチューセッツ,ブルックライン
[没]1925.5.12. マサチューセッツ,ブルックライン
アメリカの女流詩人。 J.R.ローエルらを輩出した知的名門の出身。 1913年イギリスでパウンドと出会って以来,イマジズムに心ひかれて,この新詩運動のアメリカにおける重要な推進者として活躍,特に強烈な個性のために影響力が大きかった。 1910年から死ぬまでの間に約 600編の詩を残したが,代表的な詩集に,『男と女と幽霊』 Men,Women,and Ghosts (1916) ,散文詩『カーン・グランデの城』 Can Grande's Castle (18) ,浮世絵や短歌から示唆を受けたユニークな詩集『浮世絵』 Pictures of the Floating World (19) ,『いま何時?』 What's O'Clock (25) などがあり,ほかに韻文による批評集『批評的寓話』A Critical Fable (22) ,すぐれた評伝『ジョン・キーツ』 John Keats (2巻,25) がある。

ローエル
Lowell, Abbott Lawrence

[生]1856.12.13. ボストン
[没]1943.1.6. ボストン
アメリカの政治学者,教育家。ハーバード大学卒業後,ボストンで法律実務に就いたが,1897年ハーバード大学講師,1900年行政学教授,09年 C.エリオットのあとをうけて総長。エリオットが推進したカリキュラムの自由選択制の行過ぎを改め,チューター制度を導入し,財政を再組織するなど諸改革を実施,33年までの在任中にハーバード大学は学生数,学部数が倍加するにいたった。ヨーロッパ諸国の政治制度に関する著作のほか,『カレッジ学長の学んだもの』 What a College President Learned (1938) ,『アメリカの学術的伝統との闘い』 At War with Academic Tradition in America (43) などがある。

ローエル
Lowell, Percival

[生]1855.3.13. ボストン
[没]1916.11.12. フラグスタッフ
アメリカの天文学者。ハーバード大学卒業後,実業界に入り,『朝鮮』 Chosön (1886) ,『能登』 Noto (91) ,『神秘の日本』 Occult Japan (95) などの紀行文で東洋旅行家として知られていたが,1890年代に火星の運河説に刺激されて天文学に興味をもち,アリゾナにローエル天文台を造った。火星には知的生物が存在すると唱えて話題を呼んだ。また天王星の運行の数学的研究から海王星以外の星の存在を予測したが,彼の死後 14年たった 1930年に冥王星が発見された。主著『海王星の揺れ方についての論考』 Memoir on a Trans-Neptunian Planet (1915) 。

ローエル
Lowell

アメリカ合衆国,マサチューセッツ州北東部の工業都市。古くからメリマック川の水力を利用して工業が発達したが,特に 19世紀には紡績工業が栄え,アメリカのマンチェスターと呼ばれた。近年は電機,プラスチック,軽金属,化学製品,電子部品,人工ゴム,機械部品工業が発達。州立教員養成大学,市立病院,市立図書館などがある。人口 10万6519(2010)。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

<<:  Lohengrin - Lohengrin (English spelling)

>>:  Lo‐Ex (English spelling)

Recommend

Harlequin

…The use of this term can be seen from the first ...

Nagy Ferenc

Born October 8, 1903 in Bysse, Hungary [died] June...

Parasitic natural enemies

... refers to organisms that kill certain species...

Mount Monadnock

A mountain in southwestern New Hampshire, USA. It ...

Hermann Prey

German baritone. Born in Berlin. Singing as a cho...

Litigation attorney - Sosho dairinin

Under the Civil Procedure Law, it refers to a per...

The Battle of Kunashiri and Menashi - The Battle of Kunashiri and Menashi

The last armed struggle of the Ainu people against...

Fabius Pictor

…However, it can be assumed that the architectura...

Tokusei Ikki - Tokusei Ikki

The peasant uprisings occurred during the Muromach...

Harima Province

The old name of a province that occupies the sout...

Villemain, Abel-François

Born: June 11, 1790 in Paris [Died] May 8, 1870. P...

Nobel Industries Ltd.

An explosives manufacturing company whose predeces...

Fence - Hei

A continuous wall built on the boundary of a prop...

Okinajima

A small island in the northwest corner of Lake Ina...

Hallgrímsson, J.

...It is part of the lineage of medieval European...