In men, it is the area between the posterior border of the scrotum and the anus, and in women, it is the area between the posterior edge of the vulva and the anus. The perineum is 5-6 cm in diameter from front to back in men, and 2-3 cm in women. The midline of the skin in this area is the pigmented perineal raphe, which continues to the scrotal raphe in men. Subcutaneous perineal skin contains a lot of adipose tissue and smooth muscle fibers, and deep within this is the perineal muscle layer, which is made of striated muscle. When the pelvic cavity is viewed from above, the perineal muscle, together with the fascia and aponeurosis, closes the lower pelvic opening. In men, the urethra passes through the anterior part, and in women, the urethra and vagina pass through the posterior part, and the rectum and anus pass through the posterior part. The main perineal muscles are the levator ani, external anal sphincter, and urethral sphincter. The perineal muscle layer supports and supports the pelvic organs, such as the urethra, just like a hammock. The perineum is called Damm in German, and is an anatomical term used to mean something that supports the internal organs, from the meaning of a levee or support. [Kazuyo Shimai] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
男性では陰嚢(いんのう)の後方の境から肛門(こうもん)までの間、女性では陰裂の後縁から肛門までの間をいう。男性の会陰は前後径5~6センチメートル、女性では2~3センチメートルである。この部分の皮膚の正中線には色素に富んだ会陰縫線(ほうせん)があり、男性では陰嚢縫線に続く。会陰部皮下には脂肪組織、平滑筋線維が多く存在し、その深部には横紋筋からなる会陰筋層がある。骨盤腔(こう)を上方からみると、骨盤下口を会陰筋が筋膜、腱膜(けんまく)とともにふさぎ、前方部は、男性では尿道、女性では尿道および腟(ちつ)が貫通し、後方部は直腸、肛門が通る。会陰筋のなかでは肛門挙筋、外肛門括約筋、尿道括約筋などが主要な筋である。こうした会陰筋層は、前述の尿道などの骨盤内臓をのせ、さらに支えとなるわけで、ちょうどハンモックのような役割をしている。会陰をドイツ語でDammというが、堤防、支えの意味から、内臓を支える意味に使われた解剖用語である。 [嶋井和世] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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