Lupine - Lupinus

Japanese: ルピナス - るぴなす
Lupine - Lupinus

A general term for the genus Lupine in the family Fabaceae (APG classification: Fabaceae). It is an annual, biennial and perennial herb. Its Japanese name is Nobori Fuji (Climbing Wisteria) due to the way the flowers grow, and Lupin (Leaf Fan Bean) due to the shape of its leaves. All species have long-stalked palmate compound leaves at the base, and the flower stalks bolt to form racemes. The standard petals are erect with both edges everted, and the ala petals roll inward to surround the keel petals. Flower colors include yellow, purple, blue, white, pink-red and bicolor. It is widely distributed in North America, Central and South America, Africa and the Mediterranean coast, with about 300 known species. It is used as fodder, in flower beds and as cut flowers. The following species are commonly cultivated.

Yellow lupine ( L. luteus L.) is native to southern Europe, grows to a height of 40-50 cm, is sown in autumn, and produces yellow flowers from March to May. It is often cultivated as a cut flower. Casazakirupinus ( L. micranthus Guss.) is also native to southern Europe, grows to a height of 50-60 cm. It is sown in autumn and produces blue-purple or white flowers around April. Yellow lupine ( L. hartwegii Lindl.) is native to Mexico, grows to a height of 60-90 cm, is sown in autumn, and produces flowers in May to June. Its flower colors include blue-purple, white, pink, and red, making it the most beautiful of the species in the genus. Russell's lupine ( L. polyphyllus Russell hort.), which has become widely cultivated in recent years, is a variety of polyphyllus improved by Russell in England, and is a tall perennial plant with yellow, red, and blue flowers.

For cultivation, annual and biennial species are sown in autumn, while perennial species are sown in spring. The seeds are large and have taproots, so they do not like to be transplanted, so they should be sown directly and then thinned out, or sown in a seedbed and transplanted when they are small seedlings with about two true leaves. The spacing between plants should be 10-15cm for annual and biennial plants, and 20-30cm for perennial plants. They grow well in any soil type, but prefer areas with cool summer temperatures.

[Chitoshi Yoshitsugu November 20, 2019]

Russell Lupin
A horticultural variety of Polyphyllus. The stem is upright and has 7-12 leaflets. In May and June, it produces a voluminous raceme. The flower colors are yellow, red, blue, etc. ©Seishohmaru ">

Russell Lupin


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

マメ科(APG分類:マメ科)ルピナス属の総称。一、二年草および多年草。和名は、花のつき方からノボリフジ(登藤)、また葉の形からハウチワマメ(葉団扇豆)という。各種とも長柄のある掌状複葉を根生し、花茎を抽薹(ちゅうだい)して総状花序をつくる。旗弁は立って両縁(へり)は反転し、翼弁は内に巻いて竜骨弁を包囲する。花色は黄、紫、青、白、桃紅、複色などである。北アメリカ、中南米、アフリカ、地中海沿岸に広く分布し、約300種知られる。飼料、花壇、切り花に利用する。よく栽培されるものに次の各種がある。

 キバナルピナス(キバナハウチワマメ)L. luteus L.は南ヨーロッパ原産で、高さ40~50センチメートル、秋播(ま)きで、3~5月に黄色花を開く。切り花用としての栽培が多い。カサザキルピナスL. micranthus Guss.(L. hirsutus L.)も南ヨーロッパ原産で、高さ50~60センチメートル。秋播きで、4月ころ、青紫色または白色花を開く。ハートウェギー(ニシキハウチワマメ)L. hartwegii Lindl.はメキシコ原産で、高さ60~90センチメートル。秋播きで、5~6月に開花する。花色は青紫、白、桃、紅色などで、本属中もっとも美しい。近年よく栽培されるようになったラッセルルピナス(タヨウハウチワマメ)L. polyphyllus Russell hort.はポリフィルスをイギリスのラッセルが改良した品種群で、高性の多年草。黄、赤、青色花がある。

 栽培は、一、二年生種は秋播き、多年生種は春播きである。種子は大形で、直根性で移植を嫌うので、直(じか)播きして間引きするか、苗床に播き、本葉2枚くらいの小苗のうちに定植する。株間は一、二年草で10~15センチメートル、多年草で20~30センチメートル。あまり土質を選ばずによく生育するが、夏季に冷涼な地帯がよい。

[吉次千敏 2019年11月20日]

ラッセル・ルピナス
ポリフィルスを改良した園芸品種。茎は直立し、小葉は7~12個。5~6月、量感のある総状花序をつくる。花色は黄、赤、青色など©Seishohmaru">

ラッセル・ルピナス


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