When a solution or a mixture in liquid or slurry form loses fluidity due to a drop in temperature or other factors, the components of the mixture precipitate or solidify, hindering fluid transport. Chemicals added to prevent such precipitation or solidification of solids are called pour point depressants. For example, when crude oil is transported through a pipe, Chinese crude oil, which contains a lot of paraffinic components, is prone to losing fluidity in winter due to paraffin precipitation. In such cases, chemicals that prevent paraffin crystallization or prevent precipitated paraffins from solidifying together are used, which intervene at the crystal growth points of these precipitated components and reduce crystallinity. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
溶液または液状やスラリー状の混合物が,温度低下などにより,その成分が析出,固化して,流動性を失う場合,流動輸送が阻害される。このような固体の析出,固化を防止するために添加される薬剤を流動点降下剤という。たとえば原油のパイプ輸送などで,パラフィン系成分の多い中国原油などは冬季,パラフィンの析出により流動性を失いやすい。このような場合,パラフィンの結晶化を防止し,または析出したパラフィンが相互に固化しないようにするもので,これら析出成分の結晶成長点に介在し,結晶性を低下させるようなものが使用されている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
<<: Liquid paraffin - Ryuudou Parafin (English spelling) liquid paraffin
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