Taxes are classified into various types depending on what aspect of economic activity they focus on, but taxes that are levied by recognizing the tax-paying capacity of various economic transactions, including the acquisition and transfer of rights, or actions that are expressions of such transactions, are called circulation taxes. In Japan, national taxes such as registration and license tax, stamp tax, Bank of Japan note issuance tax, tonnage tax, and special tonnage tax are classified as circulation taxes, while prefectural taxes such as real estate acquisition tax, automobile acquisition tax, and light oil acquisition tax are classified as circulation taxes, while municipal taxes such as timber acquisition tax are classified as circulation taxes. This concept developed in Germany as the traffic tax, Verkehrssteuer, and is common in Japan, but not in the U.K. or the U.S. Many taxes classified as distribution taxes were originally collected as fees, and when they are not considered distribution taxes, they are treated as consumption taxes or the equivalent. [Masatoshi Hayashi] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
租税は経済活動のいかなる側面に着目して課税されるかにより、いろいろな種類に分類されるが、権利の取得・移転をはじめとする各種の経済取引またはその表現である行為に担税力を認めて課される租税を流通税とよぶ。わが国では、国税としては登録免許税、印紙税、日本銀行券発行税、とん税、特別とん税などが、道府県税では不動産取得税、自動車取得税、軽油引取税などが、市町村税では木材引取税などが流通税として分類される。 この概念はドイツで交通税Verkehrssteuerとして発達したものであり、わが国でも一般化しているが、イギリスやアメリカでは普及していない。流通税として分類される税は、もともとは手数料として徴収されていたものが多く、流通税と解しない場合には、消費税またはこれに準ずるものとして取り扱われている。 [林 正寿] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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