Eikyou Rebellion

This incident occurred between 1438 (Eikyo 10) and the following year when Ashikaga Mochiuji, the Kamakura kubo (kubo of Kamakura), rebelled against the Muromachi Shogunate. Mochiuji tried to restore the ruling system of the Kamakura government, which had been thrown into disarray by the Uesugi Zenshu Rebellion and other events, and his aggressive approach to the clans of the eastern provinces intensified his conflict with them. Furthermore, when it came to the issue of who would succeed the shogun, he was not selected, so he began to openly take anti-Shogunate actions, intervening in the issue of succession to the Imagawa clan and the conflict between the Murakami and Ogasawara clans, bringing him into conflict with the Shogunate and causing problems with Kanto Kanrei Uesugi Norizane, who was trying to reprimand him. In response to these actions by Mochiuji, the shogunate tried to check him by lobbying Ashikaga Mitsutada of the Sasagawa Imperial Palace and establishing the Kanto Fuchishu, but when they saw Mochiuji dispatch an army to pursue Norizane, they decided to subjugate Mochiuji and ordered the Imagawa, Takeda, Ogasawara and other clans to march into battle. As a result, many of the soldiers in Mochiuji's army switched to the shogunate's side, and Miura Tokitaka, who had been defending Kamakura, also defected, so Mochiuji surrendered to Nagao Tadamasa, who was in Norizane's army, and was imprisoned in Eian-ji Temple in Kamakura, where he was forced to commit suicide in February 1806. This put an end to the rebellion for the time being, and the effective control of the Kanto region by the Kamakura kubo came to an end. However, this rebellion had a long-lasting impact on society in the eastern provinces, and became a factor in the emergence of political instability in the eastern provinces, including the Battle of Yuki, Ashikaga Shigeuji's appointment as shogun, the resulting Kyotoku War, and the establishment of the Koga shogunate.

[Hiroshi Koyou]

"Watanabe Seisuke, 'Research on the Ashikaga Period Centered in the Kanto Region' (1971, Shinjinbutsu Oraisha)" ▽ "Kanagawa Prefectural History: General History Vol. 1, edited by the Kanagawa Prefectural History Editorial Office, Kanagawa Prefectural Citizens' Department (1981, Kanagawa Prefectural Kousaikai Foundation)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

1438年（永享10）から翌年にかけ、鎌倉公方(くぼう)足利持氏(あしかがもちうじ)が室町幕府に背いた事件。持氏は上杉禅秀(うえすぎぜんしゅう)の乱などで混乱した鎌倉府の支配体制を立て直そうとし、強圧的に東国の諸氏族に臨んだため、彼らとの対立が激化した。また将軍継嗣(けいし)問題の際、選ばれなかったことから公然と反幕府行動をとり始め、今川氏の家督相続問題、村上、小笠原(おがさわら)両氏の抗争などに介入、幕府と対立し、これを戒める関東管領(かんれい)上杉憲実(のりざね)とも円滑にいかなくなった。幕府はこのような持氏の動きに対し、篠川(ささがわ)御所足利満直(みつただ)への働きかけ、関東扶持衆(ふちしゅう)の設置などにより持氏を牽制(けんせい)していたが、持氏の憲実への追討軍派遣をみるに至り持氏の討伐を決め、今川、武田、小笠原などの諸氏に出陣を命じた。その結果持氏軍の多くの将兵は幕府側に移り、鎌倉を守っていた三浦時高(みうらときたか)も離反したため、持氏は憲実軍の長尾忠政に降参し、鎌倉の永安寺に幽閉され、39年2月に自殺させられた。これにより乱はいちおう終息し、鎌倉公方による実質的な関東支配は終わった。しかしこの乱は、こののち長く東国社会に影響を与え、結城(ゆうき)合戦、足利成氏(しげうじ)の公方就任、それに伴う享徳(きょうとく)の大乱、そして古河(こが)公方の成立など、東国に不安定な政情を現出させる要因となった。

［小要　博］

『渡辺世祐著『関東中心足利時代之研究』（1971・新人物往来社）』▽『神奈川県県民部県史編集室編『神奈川県史　通史編1』（1981・財団法人神奈川県弘済会）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例