〘noun〙① Something moving around. An object changing its position over time. ※Zenchikudensho - Rokurin Ichiro no Ki Notes (1456) "The wheel of heaven moves day and night, <abbreviated> the mind moves around and moves without stopping for a moment." ※And Then (1909) Natsume Soseki, Volume 5 "To examine the movement of a top . " [Don Chushu - Rain and Hail Tai] ② The state of things changing over time. ※Bunmeiron no Gyakuhin (Outline of a Theory of Civilization) (1875) Fukuzawa Yukichi, Preface "That Western civilization is also in the midst of movement, improving day by day." ③ To move the body for the purpose of maintaining health, etc. (a) To move the body, such as the hands and feet. It was also used as a transitive verb in the form of "exerting." ※Yōjōkun (1713), Volume 3 "Exercise the body according to the time." (b) To take a walk. To stroll aimlessly. *Kabuki play Kawanakajima Toto Nishikie (1876), Act 2: "'I'm full.' 'Want some exercise? ' 'Let's do some exercise.'" (Ha) To move the arms and legs continuously in exercises, competitions, etc. Athletic competitions. Sports. *Tosei Shosei Kishiki (1885-86), Tsubouchi Shoyo, 1: "Shall we start playing tag? (omitted) Let's become an exercise." 4. To work in various directions to achieve a certain goal. "Political movement," "Student movement," "Employment movement." *Keikoku Bidan (1883-84), Yano Ryukei, later: "The center that controls the movement of the rebels is" 5. To move troops or soldiers to one's advantage according to the terrain, enemy positions, and enemy movements. [Five Country Comparison Military Language Dictionary (1881)] 6. To operate machines, etc. ※The American and European Circulation Journal (1877)〈Kume Kunitake〉 1 “The prefecture demonstrated a newly invented firefighting apparatus” [Glossary] (1) The meaning of ③ is thought to have come into general use as hygienic ideas became more widespread. Regarding (2) ④, Mori Senzo's "Meiji Tokyo Anecdotes" cites an article from the Tokyo Keizai Shimbun dated March 17, 1894 , which states, "The word 'exercise' began to be used in the 7th or 8th year of the Meiji era to mean physical movement, but in recent times it has changed and is now used in terms of exercise funds, demonstrations, and fierce exercise." Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information |
〘名〙① 物があちこち巡り動くこと。物体が時間の経過とともにその位置を変えること。※禅竹伝書‐六輪一露之記注(1456)「天輪日夜に運動して、〈略〉しばしも止まず巡り動ずる心なり」※それから(1909)〈夏目漱石〉五「独楽(こま)の運動(ウンドウ)を吟味する為に」 〔董仲舒‐雨雹対〕② 物事の状態が、時とともに変わって行くこと。※文明論之概略(1875)〈福沢諭吉〉緒言「彼の西洋の文明も今正に運動の中に在て日に月に改進するものなれば」③ 健康保持などの目的で、体を動かすこと。(イ) 手足など身体を動かすこと。「運動する」の形で他動詞としても用いた。※養生訓(1713)三「時にしたがひ、身を運動し」(ロ) 散歩すること。ぶらぶら歩くこと。※歌舞伎・川中島東都錦絵(1876)二幕「『満腹いたした』『どれ運動(ウンドウ)を』『いたさうか』」(ハ) 体操や競技などで、継続的に手足を動かすこと。運動競技。スポーツ。※当世書生気質(1885‐86)〈坪内逍遙〉一「鬼ごっこでもはじめやうか。〈略〉運動(ウンドウ)になっていいぜ」④ ある目的を達するために、いろいろな方面に働きかけること。「政治運動」「学生運動」「就職運動」※経国美談(1883‐84)〈矢野龍渓〉後「乱民の運動を支配する中心は」⑤ 地形、敵の陣地、敵の動きに応じ、我が有利になるよう、軍隊や兵が移動すること。〔五国対照兵語字書(1881)〕⑥ 機械などを動かすこと。※米欧回覧実記(1877)〈久米邦武〉一「当府新発明の消防器械を運動し示せり」[語誌](1)③の意味は衛生思想の普及とともに一般的にも用いられるようになったものと考えられる。 (2)④については、「明治東京逸聞史〈森銑三〉」に、明治二七年(一八九四)三月一七日の「東京経済新聞」の記事として「運動という言葉は、体を動かすこととして、明治七、八年から行なわれ始めたのが、近ごろでは一変して運動費だの示威運動だの、猛運動だのと用いられる」が引かれている。 出典 精選版 日本国語大辞典精選版 日本国語大辞典について 情報 |
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