It can also be read as "Raseimon" or "Raiseimon". It is written as Rashomon, but it was only later that it came to be read as "Rashomon". It means a gate in a castle (a wall surrounding a capital city). It was the main gate of Heijo-kyo and Heian-kyo, located in the center of the south side of the capital, facing Suzakumon across Suzaku-oji. It was used to welcome foreign envoys and held ceremonies such as the "Rasho Festival" to drive out evil spirits from the capital. The remains of Heijo-kyo are located on the border between the cities of Nara and Yamatokoriyama. Although most of it has been destroyed by the nearby Saho River, its size is estimated to have been five bays from east to west. In Heian-kyo it is said to have been a multi-story gate measuring seven bays from east to west and two bays from north to south. It collapsed in a strong wind in 816 (Kōnin 7) and was quickly rebuilt, but collapsed again in 980 (Tengen 3) and has not been rebuilt since. The Konjaku Monogatarishu contains a story about dead bodies being dumped on the upper floors of Rajomon Gate, and is well known as an example of the state of ruin in Heian-kyo. [Sanae Yoshida] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
「らせいもん」「らいせいもん」とも読む。羅生門と書き、「らしょうもん」と読まれるようになったのは後世になってからである。羅城(都城を囲む城壁)にある門という意味。平城京、平安京の正門で、京の南面中央にあり、朱雀(すざく)大路を隔てて朱雀門と対する。外国使節を迎えたり、京中の鬼気を追い出す「羅城祭」などの儀式も行われた。 平城京の遺構は奈良市と大和郡山(やまとこおりやま)市の境にある。近くを流れる佐保川により大部分が破壊されているが、その規模は東西5間と推定されている。平安京では東西7間、南北2間の重層門とされる。816年(弘仁7)に大風で倒壊、すぐに再建されたが、980年(天元3)ふたたび倒れてからは再建されていない。『今昔物語集』には羅城門の楼上に死人が捨てられていた話があり、平安京の荒廃ぶりを示す例としてよく知られている。 [吉田早苗] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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