Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (English spelling)

Japanese: ユジノ･サハリンスク（英語表記）Yuzhno‐Sakhalinsk

The capital of Sakhalin Oblast, on the eastern edge of the Russian Federation. Population 164,500 (1993). Its Japanese name is Toyohara. Located in the center of the plains that spread across the Susya River basin in the southern part of Sakhalin Island, it was founded in 1881 as Vladimirovka, a settlement for Russian exiles. After the Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905, Japan chose this area as the base for the administration of southern Sakhalin, and constructed the new city of Toyohara, with its neatly arranged town blocks modeled after Sapporo in Hokkaido. After the establishment of the Sakhalin Prefectural Government in 1908, administrative and cultural institutions were concentrated here, and it developed rapidly as the junction of the Sakhalin Railway's East Coast Line and Toyoma Line.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ロシア連邦東端，サハリン州の州都。人口16万4500(1993)。日本名は豊原。サハリン島南部のススヤ川流域に広がる平野の中央部に位置し，1881年ロシアの流刑移民集落ウラジミロフカとして開かれた。1905年のポーツマス条約後，日本はこの地を南樺太経営の本拠地として選び，北海道の札幌を模して整然とした街区をもつ新都市豊原を建設した。08年樺太庁設置ののちは行政，文化の諸機関が集中し，樺太鉄道東海岸線と豊真線の分岐点として急速に発展した。

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