A unit of mass in the shakkan system, it is 1/1000 of 1 kan, or 3.75 grams. Originally it was a coin, and the name was established because the weight of 1 mon was customarily called monmu. Momme is the cursive writing of the old character for coin, "sen." During the Kaiyuan era of the Tang Dynasty, Kaiyuan Tongbao coins were minted, which were precisely made to weigh 2 shu4 rui and have a diameter of 8 bu, and have since become the standard for coins. As a result, it became popular to use it as a unit of mass during the Song Dynasty, and it was introduced to Japan along with coins and came to be called momme. For this reason, the units of mass were the same in China and Japan for a long time, but when the Weights and Measures Act was enacted in 1891 (Meiji 24), 1 kan was set to 3.75 kilograms, and a slight difference arose. When the unit was unified under the metric system, its use in commercial transactions was prohibited, but because it is also used overseas for pearls, it is still recognized as a non-SI unit with limited use for pearl trading. [Koizumi Kesakatsu and Imai Hidetaka] [Reference item] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
尺貫法の質量の単位、1貫の1000分の1、3.75グラムにあたる。もとは銭で、銭貨1文の目方を文目とよんだ習慣からこの呼称が定着した。匁は銭の古字「泉」の草書である。唐の開元のとき開元通宝が鋳造されたが、これが重さ2銖(しゅ)4(るい)、直径8分に正確につくられ、以後は銭貨の標準となった。そこで宋(そう)代にはこれを質量の単位とすることが普及し、日本にも銭貨とともに渡来して匁とよばれるようになった。このため中国と日本とでは長く質量の単位は一致していたが、1891年(明治24)度量衡法の制定にあたって1貫を3.75キログラムとしたため、わずかの差を生じた。メートル法による統一にあたって商取引用の使用は禁止されたが、真珠用として外国でも用いられているという理由で、真珠の取引用には現在も、用途を限定する非SI単位として認められている。 [小泉袈裟勝・今井秀孝] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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