Ilex holly (English spelling) Bird-lime holly

Japanese: モチノキ - もちのき(英語表記)bird-lime holly
Ilex holly (English spelling) Bird-lime holly

An evergreen tall tree of the family Ilex (APG classification: Ilex family). It can reach a height of 10 meters. The trunk is gray-brown. The leaves are oblong, 4-8 cm long, thick, and entire. In April, yellow-green flowers grow in clusters in the leaf axils. The fruit is a drupe that ripens red. It grows in coastal mountainous areas, and is distributed from Honshu in the southern Tohoku region to Okinawa and the Korean peninsula. It is named after the fact that mochi is extracted from the bark. It is most commonly cultivated as a garden tree, and its wood is used for abacus beads, rosary, toys, printing blocks, etc., as it is less likely to warp. The closely related species, I. buergeri Miq., is distinguished from Ilex holly by the fact that its leaves have sawtooth edges, and is distributed in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Ehime Prefecture, Kyushu, and southern Chugoku. Boxwood ( I. goshiensis Hayata) is similar to the zelkova tree, but is a different species with smaller leaves and fruits. It grows from Honshu (Kii Peninsula) to Okinawa, and is also distributed in Taiwan.

There are about 600 species of Ilex distributed around the world, many of which are planted as garden trees. Matecha, which is distributed from Brazil to Argentina, is used for drinking because its leaves contain caffeine.

[Yuichi Kadota November 17, 2021]

[Reference] | Bird stick | Matecha
Ilex
An evergreen tree that grows to a height of 10m. Its wood is used for abacus beads, prayer beads, etc. ©Seishohmaru ">

Ilex

Ilex male flower
In April, yellow-green flowers grow in clusters in the leaf axils. It is dioecious, and the male flowers have four stamens. ©Shogakukan Photo by Masatoshi Hirose ">

Ilex male flower

Ilex moniliforme (tree shape)
©Junzo Fujishima ">

Ilex moniliforme (tree shape)


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

モチノキ科(APG分類:モチノキ科)の常緑高木。高さ10メートルに達する。幹は灰褐色。葉は長楕円(ちょうだえん)形で長さ4~8センチメートル、質は厚く、全縁である。4月、葉腋(ようえき)に黄緑色花を束生する。果実は核果で、赤く熟す。沿海の山地に生え、東北地方南部の本州から沖縄、および朝鮮半島に分布する。樹皮からとりもちをとるので、この名がある。庭木としてもっとも普通に栽培され、材は狂いが少ないため、そろばん玉、数珠(じゅず)、玩具(がんぐ)、版木などに用いる。近縁種シイモチ(椎黐)I. buergeri Miq.は葉に鋸歯(きょし)がある点でモチノキと区別され、山口県、愛媛県、九州、中国南部に分布する。ツゲモチ(柘植黐)I. goshiensis Hayataもモチノキに似るが、葉と果実が小さい別種で、本州(紀伊半島)から沖縄に生え、台湾にも分布する。

 モチノキ属は世界に約600種分布し、庭木として植えられるものが多い。ブラジルからアルゼンチンに分布するマテチャは、葉にカフェインを含むため飲用とされる。

[門田裕一 2021年11月17日]

[参照項目] | とりもち | マテチャ
モチノキ
高さ10mに達する常緑高木。材はそろばん玉、数珠などに用いられる©Seishohmaru">

モチノキ

モチノキの雄花
4月、葉腋に黄緑色花を束生する。雌雄異株で、雄花には4本の雄しべがある©Shogakukan 撮影/広瀬雅敏">

モチノキの雄花

モチノキ〔樹形〕
©藤島淳三">

モチノキ〔樹形〕


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