Charles E. Merriam

Japanese: メリアム - めりあむ(英語表記)Charles E. Merriam
Charles E. Merriam

He is an American political scientist who is also known as the father of modern political science. He was born in a small city in Iowa, in the Midwestern United States. He studied at Lenox College and Iowa State University, and further studied economics and political science at Columbia University Graduate School. In 1900, he became a lecturer at the University of Chicago, where he spent the next half century engaged in research and teaching. His political science was an attempt to theoretically integrate the political psychology of Wallas and group theory of Arthur Bentley, and had a great influence on the development of modern political science thereafter. In particular, many political scientists, including Lasswell, came from the University of Chicago, and came to lead the American Political Science Association under the name of the Chicago School. He served as a Chicago city councilman for several years, was nominated for mayor but lost by a narrow margin, and was also involved in politics at the federal level, showing a strong interest in real politics.

[Hiroshi Ariga]

"Political Power, Volumes 1 and 2, by C. E. Merriam, translated by Saito Makoto et al. (1973, University of Tokyo Press)""The History of American Political Thought, Volumes 2, by C. E. Merriam, translated by Nakatani Yoshikazu (1982, Ochanomizu Shobo)""Chicago: A Clinical Observation of Metropolitan Politics, by C. E. Merriam, translated by Wada Muneharu (1983, Kobunsha)"

[References] | Wallas | Chicago School | Political Psychology | Political Behavior | Bentley | Lasswell

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカの政治学者で、現代政治学の父ともよばれている。アメリカ中西部アイオワ州の小都市に生まれる。レノックス大学、アイオワ州立大学に学び、さらにコロンビア大学大学院で経済学・政治学を学んだ。1900年にシカゴ大学講師に就任、以後半世紀余りを同大学において研究・教育に従事した。彼の政治学は、ウォラスの政治心理学やアーサー・ベントリーの集団理論などを踏まえつつ、理論的集大成を試みたものであり、その後の現代政治学の発展に大きな影響を与えることになった。とりわけ、シカゴ大学からはラスウェルをはじめとする多くの政治学者が育ち、シカゴ学派の名でアメリカ政治学会をリードすることになった。シカゴ市の市会議員を数年務めたほか、市長選挙に推されて僅少(きんしょう)差で落選した経験をもち、さらに連邦レベルの政治にも関与するなど、現実政治にも強い関心を示した。

[有賀 弘]

『C・E・メリアム著、斎藤眞他訳『政治権力』上下(1973・東京大学出版会)』『C・E・メリアム著、中谷義和訳『アメリカ政治思想史』2冊(1982・御茶の水書房)』『C・E・メリアム著、和田宗春訳『シカゴ――大都市政治の臨床的観察』(1983・恒文社)』

[参照項目] | ウォラス | シカゴ学派 | 政治心理学 | 政治的行動 | ベントリー | ラスウェル

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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