Located about 130km northeast of Seville in southwestern Spain, the Andalusian city of Córdoba is one of the world's largest mosques (Islamic chapels), built on the banks of the Guadalquivir River. "Mezquita" means "mosque" in Spanish. Córdoba was conquered by Muslims in 711, and the Umayyad Dynasty, which was established in 756, made it its capital. In 784, Abd al-Rahman I of the same dynasty began construction of a huge mosque, which continued to expand until the 10th century. After Catholics recaptured Córdoba during the Reconquista, the mosque became a Catholic cathedral during the reign of Charles I of Spain. It is currently the Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Catholic Church (Catedral de Santa María de Córdoba, commonly known as the Córdoba Cathedral). The cathedral that remains today strongly retains the appearance of the mosque of the past, and the chapel's "Forest of Columns," in which 846 columns support a horseshoe-shaped arch made of marble and red brick, is particularly famous. ◇This cathedral is registered as a World Heritage Site along with the Alcazar and Calahorra Tower in the old town. Source: Kodansha World Tourist Attractions Encyclopedia Information |
スペイン南西部、セビリア(Sevilla)の北東約130kmの位置にある、アンダルシア地方の都市コルドバ(Córdoba)を流れるグアダルキビール川の河畔に建つ世界最大級のモスク(イスラム教礼拝堂)。「メスキータ」は、スペイン語で「モスク」という意味の言葉である。コルドバは711年にイスラム教徒に征服され、756年に成立したイスラム王朝の後ウマイヤ朝はこの地を首都とした。784年、同王朝のアブド・アッラフマーン1世は、巨大なモスクの建設に着手し、その拡張は10世紀ごろまで続いた。レコンキスタにより、カトリック教徒がコルドバを奪回すると、モスクはスペイン王カルロス1世の時代にカトリック聖堂になった。現在はカトリック教会の司教座聖堂の聖マリア大聖堂(Catedral de Santa María de Córdoba、通称・コルドバ大聖堂)となっている。今日残る聖堂は、往時のモスクの面影を色濃く残していて、大理石と赤レンガを組み合わせた馬蹄型アーチを846本の円柱が支える礼拝堂の「円柱の森」は特に有名である。◇この聖堂は、旧市街のアルカサルやカラオラの塔などとともに世界遺産に登録されている。
出典 講談社世界の観光地名がわかる事典について 情報 |
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