A method of electric heating that uses the heat of an arc discharge. An arc is a discharge phenomenon in which electrodes are connected by an arc column (positive column) consisting of a plasma of electrons and ions, and the cathode point, anode point, and arc column reach a high temperature of 3000 to 6000 K. There are two methods for using this heat: (1) direct arc heating, in which the arc current flows through the object to be heated, and (2) indirect arc heating, in which the arc current does not flow through the object to be heated, and the arc heat is transferred to the object by radiation. (1) includes Schönherr furnaces for fixing nitrogen in the air (the arc column itself is the object to be heated), arc furnaces for steelmaking, and arc welding (in both cases, the object to be heated is one of the electrodes), and (2) includes swing arc furnaces for melting copper alloys. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
アーク放電の熱を利用する電気加熱の一方式。アークは電極間が電子とイオンのプラズマからなるアーク柱(陽光柱)で結ばれた放電現象で,陰極点,陽極点およびアーク柱は3000~6000Kの高温になっている。この熱を利用するのに,(1)アーク電流が被熱物中を流れる直接アーク加熱,(2)アーク電流が被熱物中を流れず,放射によってアーク熱が被熱物に伝えられる間接アーク加熱の2方式がある。(1)には空中窒素固定用のシェーンヘル炉(アーク柱自身が被熱物),製鋼用アーク炉やアーク溶接(ともに被熱物が一方の電極となる)があり,(2)には銅合金溶解用の揺動アーク炉などがある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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