Adopted son-in-law

Japanese: 婿養子 - むこようし
Adopted son-in-law

Under the Meiji Civil Code, a person with a male presumptive heir to the family (head of household) was not allowed to adopt a male son, but was allowed to adopt a male son-in-law as a "female husband" (josei), i.e., as a son-in-law for his daughter (by marrying him at the same time). Under the Meiji Civil Code, a son-in-law adopted into the family was placed in a weaker position than a normal adopted son in terms of inheritance of the family headship, but this was based on the family system of creating an heir to the family. With the revision of the Civil Code in 1948 (Showa 23), this system was no longer recognized, but in reality, this type of adoption was quite common, which is probably why there are so many adult adoptions in Japan. The Meiji Civil Code uses the character "muko" (muko), but generally "muko" is used. "muko" is a colloquial character.

[Masanori Yamamoto]

[Reference] | Adopted child

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

明治民法の下では、法定の推定家督相続人である男子のある者(戸主(こしゅ))は、男子を養子とすることは許されなかったが、「女壻(じょせい)」すなわち娘の婿として(娘と結婚させ同時に)これを養子とすることは許されていた。明治民法上、婿養子は、家督相続については、普通の養子よりも弱い地位に置かれていたが、家の跡継ぎをつくるという、家族制度に基づくものであった。1948年(昭和23)の民法改正により、この制度は認められなくなったが、現実の養子縁組にはこの種の縁組がかなり多く行われており、わが国の縁組で成年養子が多いのもそのためであろう。明治民法では「壻(むこ)」の字が用いられているが、一般には「婿」を用いる。「聟(むこ)」は俗字。

[山本正憲]

[参照項目] | 養子

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