Eel (unagi) - Eel

Japanese: ウナギ(鰻) - ウナギ
Eel (unagi) - Eel
A general term for fish of the eel family, or one of those species. There are 18 species of eels in the world, but Japan only has two species: the Japanese eel and the giant mottled ... However, a research team led by Professor Katsumi Tsukamoto from the University of Tokyo's Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute and National Fisheries Research Center discovered wild Japanese eel eggs in shallow waters up to 200 meters deep off the coast of the Mariana Islands, and published their findings in the online edition of the British scientific journal Nature in February 2011. The larvae are leptocephalous and metamorphose into glass eels of the same shape as their parents. They swim up rivers in groups from November to April. They usually live in freshwater for about eight years, mature, and then go down to the sea to spawn. They are enjoyed as kabayaki (grilled eels) and are an important farmed fish (eel farming). Many giant eels are over 1 meter in length. They are found in southern Japan, the tropical Pacific Ocean, and eastern Africa. In Japan, those found in Ito City, Shizuoka Prefecture, Jyo-no-ike, and Tomita River, Nishimuro County, Wakayama Prefecture, are designated as natural monuments. The Japanese eel is classified as an endangered species (Ministry of the Environment, 4th Red List).
→ Related article: Sargasso Sea | Slender hagfish

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
ウナギ科の魚の総称,またはそのうちの1種を指す。ウナギのなかまは世界中に18種いるが,日本にいるのはニホンウナギとオオウナギの2種。ウナギは,円筒状で全長はふつう40〜50cm。小鱗は皮膚に埋まる。体色は環境によって異なるが,ふつう暗褐色で腹面は銀白色。日本〜中国に分布するが,本州中部以南の太平洋岸,朝鮮半島西部などに多い。ヨーロッパ産とアメリカ産のウナギの産卵場はデンマークの生物学者ヨハネス・シュミット〔1877-1933〕の研究によってバミューダ諸島南東のサルガッソー海,水深300〜500mのところであることが判明。日本産の場合は太平洋の沖合といわれ,はっきりしないとされてきた。しかし,塚本勝巳教授の東大大気海洋研究所と水産総合センターの研究チームが,天然のニホンウナギの卵をマリアナ諸島沖の深さ200mまでの浅い場所で発見,2011年2月英科学誌《ネイチャー》(電子版)に発表した。幼生はレプトセファラスで,変態して親と同形のシラスウナギになり,11〜4月に群をなして川を上る。ふつう8年ほど淡水生活をして成熟し,産卵のため海に下る。蒲焼(かばやき)として賞味され,重要な養殖魚(養鰻(ようまん))である。オオウナギは全長1mを超すものが多い。南日本〜太平洋熱帯部,アフリカ東部に分布し,日本では静岡県伊東市浄の池,和歌山県西牟婁郡富田川などのものは,天然記念物。ニホンウナギは絶滅危惧IB類(環境省第4次レッドリスト)。
→関連項目サルガッソー海|ホソヌタウナギ

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