Also called mangrove forest. This is a special type of vegetation that grows near the mouths of tropical rivers and is affected by the tides. It has developed in various parts of the Ryukyu Islands in Japan, and its northern limit is Kiire, Kagoshima Prefecture. The main fauna is from the Hirugidae family, and there are around 30 species in some places, most of which are endemic to mangrove forests. Since it grows in muddy areas affected by the tides, it is highly salt-tolerant, and has developed special structures in its aerial roots. In the Hirugidae family, the fruits can grow to over 1m while still attached to the mother plant, and are ready to settle and germinate immediately after landing, so they are sometimes called viviparous plants. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
紅樹林ともいう。熱帯の川口付近で潮の干満の影響を受けるところに生じる特殊な植生で,日本でも琉球諸島の各地に発達しているほか,鹿児島県喜入(きいれ)に北限地がある。ヒルギ科の植物が主相となり,構成種数は多いところでも30種程度であるが,そのほとんどはマングローブ林に固有のものである。潮の影響を受ける泥地に生えるので耐塩性が強く,気根などに特殊な構造が発達している。ヒルギ科などでは果実が母植物についたままで1m以上にも伸長し,着地してから定着・発芽がすぐにできる準備が整っていることから,胎生の植物などといわれることもある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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