1920‐72 King of Nepal. Reigned from 1955 to 1972. In 1960, he seized full power in a royal coup, ending the party politics of the 1950s. This was said to be the result of the King and the old powers around him rebelling against the Nepal National Congress's socialist land reform policies and pro-India diplomatic stance. The King's side also blamed the political parties for their corruption and administrative inefficiency. After that, in the name of Panchayat Democracy, he promulgated a new constitution and civil code in 1962, and introduced a system of indirect elections without political parties to determine village, town, district, district (abolished in 1969), and national level representatives, and appointed mayors at all levels except for the village level. He also carried out land reform. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1920‐72 ネパール国王。在位1955‐72年。1960年〈国王クーデタ〉により全権を掌握し1950年代の政党政治を終わらせた。これはネパール国民会議派Nepal National Congressの社会主義的農地解放政策やインド寄りの外交姿勢に国王および周辺の旧勢力が反発した結果といわれる。また国王側からは政党側の不正,行政の非能率などが理由とされた。以後〈パンチャーヤット民主主義〉の名のもとに62年に新憲法,民法を発布,無政党の間接選挙により村,町,郡,県(1969廃止),国家レベルの議員を決め,村を除く各レベルに官選首長を置く体制を導入,農地改革も行った。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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