Honte - Honte

Japanese: 本手 - ほんて
Honte - Honte

A term used in ensemble in traditional Japanese music. In shamisen music from the Edo period, such as Nagauta, and in jiuta, it refers to the original melody in an ensemble. In the instrumental ensemble parts of Nagauta and Joruri, known as aikata, there are parts in which an original melody and a counter melody are performed. In this case, the original melody is called honte, and the counter melody is called kaede. Kaede is a melody that is completely different from honte, and may be played on both shamisen or on different instruments such as the shamisen for honte and the koto for kaede. Kaede may be composed for one honte, rather than just one, but two or more types. In jiuta, the short, simple, basic melody pattern on which honte is performed, ji, is also a type of kaede. In contrast, a melody one octave higher than the honte may be played, and this counter melody is called uwajoshi.

Among shamisen group songs, seven pieces said to be the works of Ishimura Kengyo are called "honte" in contrast to several pieces called "hade." Furthermore, in the Meian school of shakuhachi gaikyoku, pieces that have a religious character and have been handed down for a relatively long time are called "honte."

[Naoko Watanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

日本伝統音楽における合奏用語。長唄(ながうた)をはじめとする江戸時代の三味線音楽と、地歌(じうた)において、合奏の場合の原旋律のことをいう。長唄や浄瑠璃(じょうるり)の器楽合奏の部分、すなわち合方(あいかた)のなかには、原旋律とそれに対する旋律が演奏される部分があるが、この場合の原旋律を本手といい、それに対する旋律を替手(かえで)という。替手は本手とまったく異なる旋律で、両方とも三味線で奏する場合と、本手を三味線、替手を箏(こと)のように異なる楽器で演奏する場合がある。替手は、一つの本手に対して一つではなく、2種以上作曲されることもある。また地歌において、本手をのせる短い単純な基本的旋律型である「地(じ)」も替手の一種である。これに対して、本手の一オクターブ上の旋律を演奏する場合があり、この対旋律を上調子(うわぢょうし)という。

 また三味線組唄のなかで、石村検校(けんぎょう)の作品といわれる七曲を、破手(はで)とよばれる数曲に対してとくに本手とよぶ。さらに、明暗(めいあん)流尺八外曲(がいきょく)においては、宗教的な性格をもち、比較的古くから伝承されている曲のことを本手と称している。

[渡辺尚子]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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