The Russian name for the Turkic Kipchak people. In Western Europe they were called the Kumans. Until around the 10th century, they lived a nomadic life in northwestern Kazakhstan, then moved towards the Volga River, and in the 11th century advanced into the steppes on the northern shore of the Black Sea and further towards the Caucasus. Since then, they have repeatedly invaded Russia, Hungary and the Byzantine Empire, but their hostile relations with Russia intensified, especially after they destroyed the indigenous Pecheneg people at the end of the 11th century. The Russian heroic epic The Chronicles of Igor's Battle is based on the theme of the battle between the Polovtsians and the Russians. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
チュルク語系キプチャク族のロシア名。西ヨーロッパではクマン人Kumansとよばれた。10世紀ごろまで北西カザフスタンで遊牧生活を送っていたが,やがてボルガ川方面に移動し,11世紀には黒海北岸のステップ地帯,さらにはカフカス方面へと進出した。それ以来ロシア,ハンガリー,ビザンティン帝国にたびたび侵入したが,とくに11世紀末,先住のペチェネグ族を滅ぼしてからは,ロシアとの敵対的関係が激化した。ロシアの英雄叙事詩《イーゴリ軍記》は,このポロベツ人とロシア人との戦いをテーマにしたものである。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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