Voroshilov, Kliment Efremovich

Japanese: ボロシーロフ（英語表記）Voroshilov， Kliment Efremovich

Born: February 4, 1881, Ekaterinoslav
[Died] December 3, 1969, Moscow. Soviet military officer and political leader. He was a friend and collaborator of I. Stalin for over thirty years. Born into a family of workers, he joined the Russian Social Democratic Party in 1903, organized workers in Luhansk during the 1905 revolution, and was arrested several times until 1917. He fought against the White Guard during the 1917 revolution, and later became a military commander at various levels. In 1921, he was elected to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and in 1926, he joined the Politburo. In 1925, he became People's Commissar for the Army and Navy. During World War II, he was a member of the State Defense Committee and commanded the Northwestern Front as the overall commander of the war. From March 1953 to May 1960, he served as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, a position equivalent to head of state. In July 1960 he was dismissed from the Presidium of the Central Committee (the successor to the Politburo), and in October 1961 he was expelled from the Central Committee and criticized as a member of the "anti-party group" that included VM Molotov, but he later returned to his position as a Central Committee member.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1881.2.4. エカテリノスラフ
[没]1969.12.3. モスクワ
ソ連の軍人，政治指導者。三十数年にわたり I.スターリンの友人，かつ協力者であった。労働者の家庭に生れ，1903年ロシア社会民主党に入党，05年革命の際ルガンスクの労働者を組織し，17年までたびたび逮捕された。 17年革命で白衛軍と戦い，のち各級軍司令官に就任。 21年ソ連共産党中央委員に選出され，26年政治局入り。 25年陸海軍人民委員。第2次世界大戦中，国家防衛委員会の一員，北西方面軍総司令官として戦争の総指揮にあたった。 53年3月～60年5月国家元首に比肩する最高会議幹部会議長をつとめた。 60年7月中央委員会幹部会 (政治局の後身) から解任され，61年 10月中央委員会からも追放されて，V.M.モロトフら「反党グループ」の一員として非難されたが，のちに中央委員に返り咲いた。

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