It is an old German word for rocks with a dense angular appearance, but is now used for contact metamorphic rocks. It is a fine-grained to coarse-grained dense contact metamorphic rock without schistosity or cleavage, usually spotted, and composed mainly of quartz, mica, and feldspar, not schistose or granular [Leonhard : 1823]. It may contain garnet, andalusite, cordierite, and rarely pyroxene and amphibole. The cleavage and early schistosity present in the parent rock are eliminated by the new texture, and new textures such as rhyolitic, decussate, and marquetry are formed. Different hornfels are described by prefixing the name of the most important mineral, e.g. cordierite-andalusite-hornfels. Other descriptions are given by prefixing the name of the parent rock type, e.g. dolerite-hornfels. Goldschmidt proposed 10 classes for the classification of saturated hornfels formed from clayey, calcareous and dolomitic rocks [Goldschmidt: 1911], and Tilley added more classes [Tilley: 1935]. The name hornstone was a mistaken name for hornfels, and is the name of a sedimentary rock, not a metamorphic rock. The name hornfels is said to have been given by Werner [Brongniart: 1927]. In German, Horn means horn and Fels means rock. Kornite [Breithaupt: 1830]. Source: Asakura Publishing Dictionary of Petrology Information |
古いドイツ語で緻密な角張った外観の岩石を指すが,現在は接触変成岩に用いられている.片理や劈開(へきがい)がない細粒から粗粒の緻密な接触変成岩で,普通は斑点があり,主として石英,雲母,長石から構成されていて片状や粒状ではない[Leonhard : 1823].石榴石,紅柱石,菫青石が含まれることがあり,輝石や角閃石はまれである.原岩に存在した劈開や初期の片理は新しい組織によって消滅し,点紋岩質,十字に交差(decussate),寄木状などの新しい組織になる.異なるホルンフェルスは最も重要な構成鉱物の名称を頭に付けて,菫青石紅柱石ホルンフェルスというように記述する.他の表現には原岩の型の名称を頭に付けて,ドレライト・ホルンフェルスなどと記述する.ゴルドシュミットは粘土質,石灰質,ドロマイト質の岩石から形成された飽和したホルンフェルスの分類として10クラスを提案し[Goldschmidt : 1911],ティレーはさらにクラスを追加した[Tilley : 1935].角石(hornstone)という名称はホルンフェルスに間違えて付けたもので,変成岩ではなく堆積岩の名称である.ホルンフェルスという名称はウェルナーが命名したといわれる[Brongniart : 1927].ドイツ語のHornは角,Felsは岩石の意味.コルナイト(kornite)[Breithaupt : 1830]. 出典 朝倉書店岩石学辞典について 情報 |
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