Counter (English)
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A radiation detector that counts individual particles of radiation. There are counters that use the ionization phenomenon of gases (Geiger-Muller counters, proportional counters, ionization chambers), solid-state detectors that use the ionization phenomenon in solids (semiconductor detectors), and detectors that use luminescence (scintillation counters, Cherenkov counters). All but the Geiger-Muller counter can measure the energy of radiation. The term is usually used to refer to the Geiger-Muller counter. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
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放射線検出器のうち，放射線の粒子1個ずつを計数する装置。気体の電離現象を用いた計数管 (ガイガー＝ミュラー計数管，比例計数管，電離箱 ) ，固体内の電離現象を用いた固体検出器 (半導体検出器 ) ，発光現象を用いた検出器 (シンチレーションカウンター，チェレンコフ計数器 ) などがあり，ガイガー＝ミュラー計数管以外はどれも放射線のエネルギー測定が可能である。通常はガイガー＝ミュラー計数管をさすことが多い。
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