Posad (English spelling)

Japanese: ポサード（英語表記）posad

Posad is a city that is located in the periphery of the inner wall of a medieval Russian city. It was the commercial and industrial area that formed the outer wall of the inner wall of a medieval Russian city. From this, the merchants and industrialists of the city came to be called "posad people." However, at the end of the 18th century, the terms "guild merchant class" and "townspeople" were born, and posad lost its original meaning and came to refer to the newly established urban village.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

城外都市とも呼ばれる。ロシアの中世都市の内城の外郭をなした商工業地帯。ここから都市の商工業者を「ポサードの人々」と呼ぶようになったが，18世紀末になるとギルドの商人階級とか町人という語が生れ，ポサードはその本来の意味を失って新しくできた都会風の村をさすようになった。

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