This is a general law that states that the distribution of the sum of independent trial matrices that change with small probability converges to a Poisson distribution. A typical form is the following case discovered by SD Poisson itself. If Xnk ( k = 1, 2, ..., n ) are mutually independent and follow a binomial distribution with parameter λ/ n , then the sum Sn = Xn1 + Xn2 + ... + Xnn converges to a Poisson distribution with parameter λ when n → ∞. In more general cases, the same result can be obtained by assuming that the sum of the probabilities of each of Xn1 , Xn2 , ..., Xnn that make up the sum Sn taking values other than 0 and 1 over k is small and that the sum of the probabilities of taking 1 is close to λ, as well as by placing some additional conditions. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
小さな確率で変化する独立試行列の和の分布がポアソン分布に収束することを一般的に述べた法則である。典型的な形はS.D.ポアソン自身によって発見された次の場合である。Xnk(k=1,2,……,n)が互いに独立でパラメーターλ/nの二項分布に従うならば,和Sn=Xn1+Xn2+……+Xnnはn→∞とするときパラメーターλのポアソン分布に収束する。より一般の場合にも,和Snを構成する各Xn1,Xn2,……,Xnnに対して値0,1以外を取る確率のkについての和が小さくかつ1を取る確率の和がλに近いという仮定と若干の付加条件を置くと同じ結果が成立する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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