Praedicamenta

Japanese: praedicamenta
Praedicamenta

…Aristotle's ideas were developed in response to the Pythagorean enumeration of paired concepts that are the basis for the way things are or the classification of things, such as finite/infinite, odd/even, one/many, left/right, male/female, motion/still, straight/curved, light/dark, good/evil, square/rectangle, and Plato's consideration of basic concepts such as being, same, different, change, and duration. The consideration of categories was subsequently consolidated by the Stoics, and in medieval scholastic philosophy, it was further questioned in relation to more universal transcendental concepts such as being, one, truth, and good, under the name of praedicamenta. Until this time, categories had always been considered in some form as the basic form of human cognition as well as the basic form of the way the world itself is, but with the advent of modern science, the idea of ​​regarding them solely as the basic form of human cognition and that the natural world itself is composed of them emerged. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "praedicamenta" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…アリストテレスのこの考えは,ピタゴラス学派による有限・無限,奇・偶,一・多,左・右,男・女,動・静,直・曲,明・暗,善・悪,方・矩といったもののあり方ないし分類の基本となる対概念の列挙,さらにプラトンによる有,同,異,変化,持続などの基本概念をめぐる考察をうけて展開されたものであった。カテゴリーをめぐる考察は,この後,ストア学派での整理統合をへて,さらに中世のスコラ哲学においては,プラエディカメンタpraedicamentaの名のもとに,存在,一,真,善などより普遍的な超越概念transcendentaliaとのかかわりにおいて問い深められることになる。この時代までは,カテゴリーは,つねに何らかの形で,人間の認識の基本形式であるとともに,世界そのもののあり方の基本形式でもあるものとして考えられていたが,近代科学の登場とともに,それをもっぱら人間の認識の基本形式としてとらえ,自然の世界そのものもそれによって構成されるとする考えが登場してくる。…

※「praedicamenta」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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