An aromatic amine. Also called 4,4'-diaminobiphenyl. Colorless or slightly red crystals. Turns dark black when exposed to oxygen and light. Insoluble in cold water, but soluble in hot water. Soluble in hot ethanol (ethyl alcohol). Recrystallized from hot water above 80°C produces an anhydrate, while from below 60°C produces a monohydrate. When hydrazobenzene, obtained by reduction of nitrobenzene, is heated with inorganic acid, a rearrangement reaction (benzidine rearrangement) occurs to produce this compound. It was used as a dye raw material, but its use is now prohibited. It is also used as a detection reagent for various metal ions and as a precipitating reagent for phosphate ions and sulfate ions. It is highly carcinogenic, and can be absorbed through the skin in both powder and vapor form, so care must be taken when handling it. [Kiyoshi Mutai] [References] | | | | [Supplementary information] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
芳香族アミンの一つ。4,4'-ジアミノビフェニルともいう。無色またはやや赤色の結晶。酸素と光で暗黒色に変化する。冷水には溶けにくく、熱水には溶ける。熱エタノール(エチルアルコール)にはよく溶ける。80℃以上の熱水から再結晶したものは無水和物、60℃以下からは一水和物を生じる。ニトロベンゼンの還元で得られるヒドラゾベンゼンを無機酸と加熱すると、転位反応(ベンジジン転位)がおこって生成する。染料の原料として使われたが、現在は使用を禁止されている。また種々の金属イオンの検出試薬、リン酸イオン、硫酸イオンの沈殿試薬としても用いられる。発癌(はつがん)性が強く、粉末でも蒸気でも皮膚から吸収されるので、取扱いには十分注意する必要がある。 [務台 潔] [参照項目] | | | | [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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