Hērophilos

Japanese: ヘロフィロス（英語表記）Hērophilos

A Greek surgeon and anatomist who lived in Alexandria around 300 BCE. He was one of the first to perform an autopsy on a cadaver, and he presented many new anatomical findings, earning him the title of the father of anatomy. In particular, he systematically described the brain and spinal cord, and his name is still found in the Junction of the Sinuses of Herophilus. He believed that the four governing forces of the body were warmth, sensation, thought, and nutrition, and in terms of pathology he followed the legacy of Hippocrates and wrote a commentary on the theory of humoral pathology. In clinical practice, he advocated the use of medicines as well as nutrition and physical therapy as effective treatments. His words, "The best physician is one who knows the difference between cure and failure," are still relevant today.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

前 300年頃アレクサンドリアに住んでいたギリシアの外科医，解剖学者。最初に死体の剖検を行なった一人で，多くの解剖学的新知見を示し，解剖学の父ともいわれる。ことに脳や脊髄を系統的に記述し，ヘロフィロスの交会 (静脈洞交会) に今日もその名が残っている。保温，感覚，思考，栄養を生体の四支配力とし，病理面ではヒポクラテスの遺法を守り，体液病理説の注釈書をつくった。臨床上は，薬剤を用いるほか，栄養や物理療法が治療に有効であることを説いた。「治癒するかしないかの分別をわきまえるものが最良の医師」という彼の言葉は今日も生きている。

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