A general term used by Greeks to refer to their own people in opposition to foreigners (barbarians) from around the 7th century BCE. It was the name of a tribe of Greeks who had originally settled in Hellas in southern Thessaly, and who claimed the legendary hero Helen as their ancestor. The term Panhellenes (all Hellenes) appears in Homer, but its meaning is difficult to determine. It is believed that Hesiod was the first to use it as a general term for all Greeks. The word Hellenes was first used in an inscription from the 6th century BCE as a general term for all Greeks in opposition to barbarians. In the 8th century BCE, Latins called all Greeks Graeki (Graeci) after the Graioi who migrated from Boeotia in central Greece to Italy, while the barbarians of southern Italy called them Hellenes, and this term is believed to have been imported back to Greece and became the term for all Greeks. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
前7世紀頃からギリシア人が自己の民族を異邦人 (バルバロイ ) に対して呼んだ総称。もと南テッサリアのヘラスを中心に定着したギリシア人の一種族名で,彼らは伝説上の英雄ヘレンをみずからの祖と称していた。パンヘレネス (全ヘレネス) という語はホメロスにみられるが,その内容は確定しがたい。パンヘレネスを全ギリシア民族の総称として初めて用いたのはヘシオドスとされる。前6世紀の碑文で初めてヘレネスの語がバルバロイに対する全ギリシア人の総称として用いられた。前8世紀にギリシア中部のボイオチアからイタリアへ移住したグライオイ人にちなんで,ラテン人がギリシア人全体をグラエキ (グレキ) と呼んだのに対して,南イタリアのバルバロイは彼らをヘレネスと呼び,これがギリシアに逆輸入されてギリシア人全体の呼称になったとされている。
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