Joseph Bèdier

Japanese: ベディエ - べでぃえ(英語表記)Joseph Bèdier
Joseph Bèdier

A French scholar of medieval literature, he was a professor at the Collège de France (1903-36). He studied under Bruno-Paulin-Gaston Paris (1839-1903). In his Fabliaux (1893), he denied the Indian origin of this genre, proving that it was uniquely French, and at the same time pointed out the futility of the origin theory. In his four volumes of Epic Legends (1906-13), he advocated an individualistic theory that emphasized the role of individual poets in the creation of heroic poetry, as opposed to the traditional theory that emphasized oral legends. He also achieved great success in the reconstruction of Tristan, emphasizing the role of the individual and the local climate, and his modern French translation of the work became widely known. After his death, his theory was forced to be reconsidered due to the rise of the new traditional theory.

[Eizo Kamizawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの中世文学者、コレージュ・ド・フランス教授(1903~36)。ガストン・パリスBruno-Paulin-Gaston Paris(1839―1903)に学ぶ。『ファブリオー』(1893)においてこのジャンルのインド起源説を否定し、フランス固有のものであることを立証、同時に起源論の不毛性を指摘。『叙事詩伝説』四巻(1906~13)では、武勲詩の成立における口碑伝説を重視する伝承理論に対して、個性的な詩人の役割を重視する個人主義理論を提唱。さらに『トリスタン物語』の再建についても風土、個人の役割を重視して優れた業績を残し、その現代仏訳は人口に膾炙(かいしゃ)した。彼の理論はその没後、新伝承理論の台頭によって見直しを迫られた。

[神澤榮三]

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