Pessary - Pessary (English spelling)

Japanese: ペッサリー - ぺっさりー(英語表記)pessary
Pessary - Pessary (English spelling)

A type of contraceptive device used by women. Invented in Germany in 1878, it was popularized by the ingenuity of a Dutch obstetrician-gynecologist, and was introduced to England, where it was called the Dutch pessary. A thin elastic piano wire is wound into a coil to form a circular ring, and a thin rubber membrane is stretched around the ring in a beret-like shape. It is placed diagonally inside the vagina, and the membrane is stretched into a roughly circular shape. It is used to prevent sperm from penetrating the uterus. There are many types with diameters ranging from 60 mm to 85 mm, with a difference of 2.5 mm, but the three most commonly used are 70 mm, 72.5 mm, and 75 mm. After receiving guidance (from a doctor, midwife, public health nurse, etc.), a person selects the size that suits them, inserts it themselves before intercourse, and removes it after wearing it for a few hours after ejaculation. Its contraceptive effect is insufficient, so it tends not to be used much these days.

In addition to preventing conception, devices that are inserted into the vagina to correct an abnormal position of the uterus and hold it in place for a long period of time are made of plastic and have a gourd-shaped or circular border, and are called pessaries or correction rings. They are sometimes used as a treatment for mobile retroverted uterus, uterine or vaginal prolapse, but their use is declining.

[Masao Arai]

[Reference] | Birth Control

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

女性側に使われる避妊用具の一つ。1878年にドイツで発明され、オランダの産婦人科医の創意によって普及し、イギリスに渡ってダッチ・ペッサリーDutch pessaryとよばれた。弾力のある細いピアノ線をコイル状に巻いたものを円形の輪とし、これを縁としてベレー帽のような形に薄いゴム膜を張った器具。腟(ちつ)内に斜めに装着され、膜はおよそ円形に緊張する。こうして精子の子宮内への貫通を防ぐ目的で用いられる。直径が60ミリメートルから85ミリメートルまで2.5ミリメートル差の多種類があるが、70ミリメートル、72.5ミリメートル、75ミリメートルの3種がもっとも多く使われる。指導(医師、助産師、保健師など)を得て、各自にあう寸法のものを選び、自分で性交前に挿入し、射精後数時間装着したのち、抜去する。避妊効果が不十分なので、今日ではあまり利用されない傾向がある。

 なお、受胎防止用以外にも、子宮の位置の異常を矯正し、長期にわたって固定支持する目的で腟内に装着するものは、プラスチック製で、ヒョウタン形あるいは円形の縁どりを有し、ペッサリーまたは矯正環とよばれる。可動性子宮後傾症あるいは子宮や腟の下垂、脱出症の治療法の一つとして用いられることがあるが、利用の機会は減る傾向にある。

[新井正夫]

[参照項目] | 受胎調節

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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