The organization was established by the U.S. government in 1961 to dispatch skilled personnel to developing countries and assist in their development plans. It was one of the pledges that J.F. Kennedy made during the presidential election campaign. Volunteers are men and women over 18 years old who are dispatched for a period of two years at the request of the host country, where they live with the people of the host country and engage in a wide range of activities, including education, agricultural development, and public health. To date, tens of thousands of volunteers have been dispatched to about 90 countries, and have achieved great results. Inspired by this, European countries began to put similar plans into action, and in Japan, the Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers (JOCV) was launched in 1965 as part of the activities of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (now the Japan International Cooperation Agency), and have been dispatching personnel to countries in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Central and South America, and Oceania to assist in nation building in each country. [Hideo Oda] "The Ideals and Missions of the Peace Corps, Volumes 1 and 2, by Sargent Shriver, translated by Kase Hideaki (1966, Jiji Press) " "Kennedy's Legacy: The Truth about the Peace Corps, by Kuriki Chieko (1997, Chuokoron-Shinsha)" [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1961年にアメリカ政府が創設した機関で、開発途上諸国に技術・技能をもった人材を派遣し、当該国の開発計画の推進に協力することを目的とする。J・F・ケネディが大統領選挙期間中に示した公約の一つでもあった。隊員は18歳以上の男女で、相手国の要請に応じて2年の期間で派遣され、派遣先の国の民衆と生活をともにしながら、教育、農業開発、公衆衛生その他広範囲の活動に携わる。これまで十数万人の隊員が約90か国に派遣され、大きな成果をあげた。これに刺激を受けたヨーロッパ諸国でも同様の計画を実行に移し始め、また日本でも1965年(昭和40)から国際協力事業団(現、国際協力機構)の事業の一環として青年海外協力隊Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteersを発足させ、アジア、中近東、アフリカ、中南米、オセアニアの諸国に人材を派遣して各国の国づくりに協力している。 [小田英郎] 『サージェント・シュライバー著、加瀬英明訳『平和部隊の理想と任務』上下(1966・時事通信社)』▽『栗木千惠子著『ケネディの遺産――平和部隊の真実』(1997・中央公論社)』 [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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