Flaubert

Japanese: フローベール

French author. Born in Rouen in Normandy as the son of a surgeon, he spent his childhood as a dreamy boy, fascinated by Romantic literature. While studying law in Paris, he suffered a nervous attack in 1844, and thereafter retired to Croisse, near his hometown. After traveling in the Near East from 1849 to 1851, he worked hard for four and a half years to complete Madame Bovary in 1856. He was put on trial for corrupting public morals, but the work gained him a reputation for being a hot topic. He later published Salammbô (1862), the autobiographical novel Sentimental Education (1869), The Temptation of Saint Anthony, and the collection of short stories Three Stories. He died while writing Boubard and Pécuchet. He also wrote the Dictionary of Cliches, which is full of intense satire, and is said to have been intended to form part of Boubard and Pécuchet. His enormous collection of letters is important not only as a record, but also as a literary treatise. He was praised by naturalist writers for "cutting down an entire forest to make one match." As a writer who sought strict realism, he had a huge influence on later generations of literature, but today he is viewed and interpreted in various ways as a pioneer of 20th century literature, for his conception of novels that are composed purely of language and are detached from reality.
Related topics: Art supremacy | Novels | Zola | Thibaudet | Daudet | Pornography | Maupassant | Rouen

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

フランスの作家。外科医の子としてノルマンディー地方のルーアンに生まれ，ロマン派文学に心酔する夢想的な少年時代を送った。パリで法律を学ぶうち1844年神経病の発作を起こし，以後故郷に近いクロアッセに隠遁。1849年―1851年の近東旅行の後４年半の努力により1856年《ボバリー夫人》を完成，風俗を乱すとの理由で裁判となるが，逆に話題となって評判を得た。その後《サランボー》（1862年），自伝的小説《感情教育》（1869年），《聖アントアーヌの誘惑》，短編集《三つの物語》を発表。《ブバールとペキュシェ》の執筆中に死去。他に激しい風刺精神に満ちた《紋切型辞典》があり，これは《ブバールとペキュシェ》の一部を形づくる予定だったといわれる。膨大な量の《書簡集》は記録としてのみならず，文学論として重要。〈マッチ１本作るために森全体をきり倒す〉といわれ，自然主義作家らに賞賛された。厳密な写実主義を求めた作家として，後世の文学に多大な影響を与えたが，今日では，現実とは切り離された純粋に言語のみからなる小説の構想などにより，20世紀文学の先駆者として，多様な評価と解釈がなされている。
→関連項目芸術至上主義｜小説｜ゾラ｜ティボーデ｜ドーデ｜ポルノグラフィー｜モーパッサン｜ルーアン

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