Furfural - Furfural (English spelling)

Japanese: フルフラール - ふるふらーる(英語表記)furfural
Furfural - Furfural (English spelling)

A heterocyclic aldehyde. It is also called 2-furancarbaldehyde or α-furaldehyde. It is found in fusel oil and several other essential oils.

It is produced by the dehydration of pentoses, and industrially it is obtained by distilling corn cobs and oat husks while heating them with dilute sulfuric acid. It is a colorless, oily liquid with a peculiar odor. It dissolves in water and mixes with ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and ether in any ratio. If left in the air, it oxidizes and becomes a yellowish-brown resinous substance. Industrially, it is used as a raw material for phenol-furan resins, a petrochemical solvent, a raw material for tetrahydrofuran, and as an insecticide. Symptoms of acute toxicity include drunkenness and headaches, and chronic toxicity has been reported to cause liver damage and mutagenicity.

[Mr. Hirota July 21, 2015]

[References] | Aldehydes | Heterocyclic compounds [Supplementary information] | Furfural (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

複素環式アルデヒドの一つ。2-フランカルバルデヒド、α(アルファ)-フルアルデヒドなどともよばれる。フーゼル油をはじめ、いくつかの精油中に含まれている。

 ペントースの脱水により生成し、工業的にはトウモロコシの穂軸、エンバクの籾殻(もみがら)を、希硫酸と加熱しながら蒸留するなどの方法により得ている。特異なにおいをもつ無色油状の液体。水に溶け、エタノール(エチルアルコール)、エーテルとも任意の割合で混じり合う。空気中に放置すると、酸化されて黄褐色の樹脂状物質になる。工業的にはフェノール・フラン樹脂の原料、石油化学用溶剤、テトラヒドロフランなどの原料、殺虫剤などに用いられる。急性毒性としては酔い・頭痛などの症状があり、慢性毒性としては肝臓障害・変異原性が報告されている。

[廣田 穰 2015年7月21日]

[参照項目] | アルデヒド | 複素環式化合物[補完資料] | フルフラール(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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